Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate average age of menarche, the pattern and types of menstrual disorders and their relation with BMI, dietary habits, physical exercise and stress.Methods: A cross sectional prospective study was conducted on female medical students during the academic year 2018-2019 at Mallareddy medical college for women, Suraram, Hyderabad, India. The various life style factors including BMI, junk food consumption and physical exercise were factored. Prevalence of each different menstrual abnormality were identified and analyzed by Chi-squire test and p value <0.005 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Study included 255 medical students who had attained menarche without known medical problems. Mean age of menarche was 12.81years. The most frequent menstrual disorders were premenstrual syndrome 192 (75 %), dysmenorrhoea 146 (57 %), and irregular cycle 97(38%). Statistically significant association of Body mass index (BMI) related to premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and dysmenorrhoea was reported (both p<0.05). Similarly, statistically significant association of lack of physical activity had greater risk of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhoea (both p<0.0001). Unhealthy dietary patterns had statistically significant higher risk for dysmenorrhoea (p<0.0001).Conclusions: In conclusion premenstrual symptoms, dysmenorrhoea and menstrual irregularities were more prevalent. Majority of symptoms were stress, pain abdomen, irritability, mood swings. Comprehensive education programs on lifestyle modifications like regular physical activities, promoting healthy eating habits should be emphasised to prevent menstrual abnormalities of young students as early as at school level.

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is the most common and frequent presenting complaint in Gynaecology Outpatient Department in all age groups, especially in perimenopausal women. Objective of present study was clinicopathological evaluation and management of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal age group women.Methods: The present study was prospective analytical study conducted at Mallareddy Narayana Multi-speciality Hospital, reputed teaching hospital, in Obstetrics and gynaecology department in association with department of pathology from January 2015 to December 2016. Perimenopausal women in age group 45-55 years included in this study. Other age groups with abnormal uterine bleeding, isolated cervical or vaginal pathology, bleeding diathesis, and pregnancy related causes of bleeding excluded from this study. Endometrial tissue collected by sampling procedure such as dilatation and curettage. Proper counselling about management was given to all women related to medical and surgical interventional approaches.Results: A total of 135 women with abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal age were examined after fulfilling criteria during study period of 2 years. The age of participants in mean±SD was 46.68±2.03 years (min 45 years and max 55 years). Maximum number of patients with abnormal uterine bleeding presented in age group of 45-50 years. The most common symptoms were heavy menstrual bleeding (83.7%), followed by frequent menstrual bleeding (26.6%). Proliferative endometrium was the most common histopathological (30.3%) study followed by secretory endometrium (27.4%). Surgical management was given to 94 patients.Conclusions: Heavy menstrual bleeding and frequent menstrual bleeding were mostly correlated with abnormal endometrial histopathological findings in this study. Gynaecologists should pay attention towards these abnormal bleeding patterns along with the evaluation of endometrial tissue for histopathological findings, which will help us to plan for successful management.

Abstract Introduction Esophageal cancer is known for its poor outcome despite multimodality treatment. In this study, we report our experience with concurrent capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy followed by intraluminal brachytherapy (ILBT) for middle third esophageal cancer. Materials and Methods Twenty patients of histology-proven middle third esophageal cancer were treated with 45 Gray (Gy)/25 fraction (fr) of external beam radiation on telecobalt using two-dimensional technique with concurrent cisplatin 40 mg/m2 weekly with five such cycles along with tablet capecitabine 825 mg/m2 twice daily for the first 2 weeks and last 2 weeks of radiotherapy. This was followed by ILBT of 4 Gy × 3 fr placed 1 week apart from a total biologically effective dose of 60 Gy. Patients were followed up with clinical examination and serial barium swallow to assess response and toxicity. Results Out of 20 patients, disease-free survival at 2 years was 60%. At 5 years, the actuarial survival was 47% with five patients alive and two patients lost to follow-up at 3 years. One patient had grade 3 toxicity in the form of tracheoesophageal fistula (5%). Two patients had distal failure. Two patients had second primary tumor in the upper aerodigestive tract at the end of 7 years. Conclusion A combination of chemotherapy with cisplatin and capecitabine given concurrently with radical radiation therapy followed by ILBT boost is a safe and feasible protocol in the treatment of carcinoma esophagus involving middle third of esophagus. The local control and survival are comparable to historical studies with minimal toxicity.