One of the directions to improve the efficiency of modern telecommunication systems is the transition to the use of multidimensional signals for continuous channels of information transmission. As a result of studies carried out in recent years, it has been established that it is possible to ensure high quality of information transmission in continuous channels by combining demodulation and decoding operations into a single procedure that involves the construction of a code construct for a multidimensional signal. This paper considers issues related to estimating the possibility to improve the efficiency of continuous information transmission channel by changing the signal distance of the code structure. It has been established that the code structures of such types as a hierarchical code construct of signals, a hierarchical code construct of signals with Euclidean metric, a reversible code construct of signals, a reversible code construct of signals with Euclidean metric have the potential, when used, to increase the speed of information transmission along a continuous channel. With a signal distance reduced by 10 percent or larger, it could increase by two times or faster. The estimation of the effect of reducing a signal distance on the efficiency of certain types of code structures was carried out. It has been established that the hierarchical reversible code construct, compared to the hierarchical code construct, provides a win of up to two or more times in the speed of information transmission with a halved signal distance. Implementing the modulation procedure has no fundamental difficulties, on the condition that for each code of the code construct the encoding procedure is known when using binary codes. The results reported here make it possible to build an acceptably complex demodulation procedure according to the specified types of code structures

A method of modeling a digital corrector of intersymbol distortions of signals in the information transmission channel, determining the optimal values of the weighting correctors when passing a sequence of random binary signals, checking the efficiency by determining the number of demodulation errors in signal distortion by noise. The demodulator adaptation model is shown, which is reduced to the calculation of the weighted sum of 4 samples of the input signal and the comparison of the obtained sum with the threshold. The basic operations on adaptation of weight coefficients of the corrector of the signals distorted by intersymbol interference at various types of transfer function of the channel of transfer of discrete signals are defined. The algorithm of the program for calculation of number of errors of demodulation at signal distortion by noises of intersymbol interference is offered. The calculation of the corrector optimization criterion is performed by the method of coordinate descent with the possibility of visualizing the iterative procedure of calculating the corrector optimization criterion at the selected values of the correction coefficients and calculation accuracy. The formation of the input and output signal is carried out using the built-in inverse fast Fourier transform function of the mathematical package MathCAD. The mathematical model of the digital corrector, which is a kind of FIR filter, allows us to investigate the effectiveness of compensation between character distortion and stationary linear distortion of information signals provided in discrete channels of information message transmission. The initial data for the calculation of the digital corrector are the readings of the pulse response, taken at time intervals in accordance with the conditions of Kotelnikov's theorem. To solve the system of linear algebraic equations when finding the coefficients of the digital corrector, the vector - matrix method of calculation and programming operators of the MathCAD system are used.

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To analyze the effect of the CHI3L2 protein on malignant and non-malignant cell viability, and determined the CHI3L2 impact on the cell cycle and signaling pathways involved in the cell cycle regulation. Methods. MTT-based cell proliferation assay, FACS, western blot analysis. Results. The CHI3L2 protein inhibits the glioma cells viability and potentiates the effect of anti-cancer cytotoxic agents. The CHI3L2 treatment results in the G1/S transition arrest. CHI3L2 provoked a dramatic reduction of pRB phosphorylation and a signifi cant decrease in the cyclin D1 expression, whereas the p53 and p21 expression levels were substantially increased. Conclusions. The CHI3L2 protein, which is overexpressed in human gliomas, is a negative regulator of the glioma cells viability. The reduced cell viability after the CHI3L2 treatment could be due to the activation of pRB and p53 and the downregulation of cyclin D. K e y w o r d s: chitinase-like proteins, glioma, bradykinin antagonists, cell cycle regulation signaling cascades.

Розкрито становлення й розвиток інституту виконання іпотечного зобов'язання. Проаналізовано правове регулювання цього інституту у різні періоди розвитку цивільного законодавства. Значну увагу звернено на питання зародження іпотеки і виконання зобов'язання, що виникає з неї, у часи Давньої Греції та Давнього Риму. Визначено особливості цього інституту у період Середньовіччя та Нового часу. Окремо проаналізовано особливості виконання іпотечного зобов'язання у законодавстві, що діяло на українських землях. Також розглянуто сучасний стан правового регулювання виконання іпотечного зобов'язання у цивільному законодавстві України. Ключові слова: іпотека; зобов'язання; іпотечне зобов'язання; виконання іпотечного зобов'язання; іпотекодержатель; іпотекодавець. Эмилия Дмитренко Владимир Дмитренко ВЫПОЛНЕНИЕ ИПОТЕЧНОГО ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬСТВА: СТАНОВЛЕНИЕ И РАЗВИТИЕ В статье раскрыто становление и развитие института исполнения ипотечного обязательства. Проанализированы правовое регулирование этого института в разные периоды развития гражданского законодательства. Значительное внимание уделено вопросам зарождения ипотеки и исполнения обязательства, возникающего из нее, во времена Древней Греции и Древнего Рима. Определены особенности этого института в период Средневековья и Нового времени. Отдельно проанализированы особенности выполнения ипотечного обязательства в законодательстве, которое действовало на украинских землях. Также рассмотрено современное состояние правового регулирования исполнения ипотечного обязательства в гражданском законодательстве Украины. Ключевые слова: іпотека; обязательство; ипотечное обязательство; выполнение ипотечного обязательства; ипотекодержатель; ипотекодатель.