The series of title compounds has been prepared through both electrophilic (C6HnF5−n−N=S=N−SiMe3 + SCl2) and nucleophilic (C6HF4−S−N=S=N−SiMe3 + CsF) intramolecular ortho‐cyclisation reactions, and the former route seems to be the more effective. High regioselectivity of the ring‐closing procedures is observed in both cases. The compounds were characterised by X‐ray crystallography and multinuclear (1H, 13C, 15N and 19F) NMR spectroscopy. In accordance with GIAO calculations, 15N{1H} experiments and the effects observed on complete substitution of hydrogen by fluorine, the high‐field signal in the 15N NMR spectra can be assigned to N‐4 and the low‐field signal to N‐2. In the crystal, 5,6,7‐trifluoro‐ (5) and 5,6,8‐trifluoro‐1,3λ4δ2,2,4‐benzodithiadiazine (6) are planar, whereas the 6,8‐difluoro derivative 3 is bent along the S1···N4 line by 8.3°. According to NICS calculations the heterocycle moiety in this compound class is antiaromatic while the carbocycle is aromatic. The fluorine substituents increase the aromaticity − and in some cases (especially when a fluorine atom is present in the 8‐position) the antiaromaticity − of the corresponding rings. The ortho‐fluoro‐containing starting material C6HnF5−n−N=S=N−SiMe3 (n = 2: 10) cyclises to the fluorinated 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole 27 upon treatment with CsF instead of SCl2. For starting compound 6‐HC6F4−S−N=S=N−SiMe3 (14) the planar (Z,E) configuration features a short intramolecular H···N contact, as evidenced by X‐ray diffraction. Both the reaction pathways mentioned are also discussed. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)
Mixed acyl dihydroquercetin derivatives were synthesized for the first time. The cytotoxicity of the acylation products of this flavonoid was determined against cultures of HeLa tumor cells and murine fibroblasts.Novel dihydroquercetin (DHQ, taxifolin) derivatives are currently being synthesized and studied in the search for effective drugs based on flavonoids [1,2]. Earlier, we modified DHQ by esterifying it totally with several pharmacologically active aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acid chlorides, e.g., benzoic, p-nitrobenzoic, acetylsalicylic, phenylacetic, palmitic, and nicotinic. Peracyl DHQ derivatives were obtained by treating it with these acid chlorides in a 1:5 ratio with a 10% excess at room temperature or with gentle heating at 50 -60°C. The yields of the compounds varied from 65% to 85% depending on the acid [3]. As it turned out, the spectrum of biological activity broadened considerably after introducing the acyls into DHQ [4]. Biological tests confirmed this. It was found that pentanicotinoyl DHQ had the strongest and most varied medical activity [5]. Therefore, we continued the study of acylation of DHQ and its derivative 4,7,3¢,4¢-tetraacetyldihydroquercetin by chlorides of other biologically important carboxylic acids containing heterocycles. We found that the reaction of DHQ with chlorides of thiophenecarboxylic, furancarboxylic, and chlorophenylisoxazolecarboxylic acids under the aforementioned conditions formed novel pentaacyl DHQ derivatives (Fig. 1, I, II, and III) [6].3¢,4¢,3,5,7-Penta-O-(2-chloronicotinoyl)-2,3-dihydroque rcetin (IV) was also synthesized for the first time (Fig. 1). Compound IV was synthesized at room temperature in anhydrous dioxane in the presence of Py as a catalyst and acceptor of released HCl. The structure of IV was confirmed by PMR and 13 C NMR spectroscopic data.It was shown that resonances of all DHQ OH groups disappeared and that new resonances belonging to the heterocycle appeared in the PMR spectrum of IV. In addition, DHQ derivatives with various acyl substituents on the 4,7,3¢,4¢-tetraacetyldihydroquercetin core with a free 5-OH were synthesized. The acylating agents were chlorides of 2-chloronicotinic acid, 3-(2-chlorophenyl-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid, furan-2-carboxylic acid, and thiophene-2-carboxylic acid (Fig. 2).Thus, 5-[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-4-isoxazolyl-5-methyl]-3,7,3¢,4¢-tetra-O-acetyl-2,3-dihydroquercetin (V); 5-(2-furanyl)-3,7,3¢,4¢-tetra-O-acetyl-2,3-dihydroquercetin (VI); 5-(2-thiophenyl)-3,7,3¢,4¢-tetra-O-acetyl-2,3-dihydroquercetin (VII); and 5-(2-chloronicotinoyl)-3,7,3¢,4¢-tetra-O-acetyl-2,3-dihydroquercetin (VIII) were synthesized for the first time and were totally acylated DHQ derivatives that contained two different acyl moieties. The structures of VI-VIII were proved using PMR and 13 C NMR methods. Such an approach could expand considerably the spectrum of biological activity of DHQ derivatives.Herein the effect of totally substituted DHQ derivatives on the viability of tumor and normal cells was investigated. The newly synt...
Durch Kondensation der Chlor‐onitrobenzole (I) mit den N‐Methyl‐ bzw. N‐Phenylethylthiolen (II) werden die entsprechenden N‐Methylthioderivate (IIIa) und (IIIb) in Form ihrer Hydrochloride sowie die N‐Phenylthioderivate (IIIc) und (IIId) als freie Basen erhalten.
Предметом розгляду статті є процеси забезпечення електромагнітної сумісності в самоорганізованій безпровідній мережі шляхом застосування надширокосмугових сигналів з високою інформаційною ємністю. Мета – розробка рекомендацій щодо реалізації безпровідного мобільного рухомого зв’язку при передачі дискретних повідомлень каналом зв’язку з адитивним гаусовим шумом. Задача – забезпечення усталеної та надійної роботи надширокосмугової системи зв’язку. Використані методи: методи аналітичного моделювання та теорії потенціїної завадостійкості. Отримані наступні результати. Розроблено критерій забезпечення вимог електромагнітної сумісності мобільних телекомунікаційних систем. На грунті теорії потенціальної завадостійкості показана можливість усталеної та беззавадової роботи телекомунікаційної безпровідної системи в умовах, коли рівень інформаційного сигналу та шуму мають одне значення. Доведена можливість вилучення переданого інформаційного сигналу із суміші шуму та корисного сигналу шляхом кореляції прийнятого та опорного сигналів. Висновки. Показано, що використання технології надширокосмугових сигналів дозволяє здійснити безпровідну приховану передачу інформації з малою потужністю випромінювання. Причому велика база сигналу дозволяє забезпечити усталену та беззавадову роботу телекомунікаційної системи зв’язку за умов, коли рівень інформаційного сигналу знаходиться на рівні чи нижче рівня шуму. При цьому доведена можливість вилучення корисного сигналу із суміші інформаційних двійкових сигналів та білого гаусового шуму
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