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The present study deals with the issues of inter-ethnic and interconfessional understanding in the Khanty-Mansijsk Autonomous District – Yugra. The authors pay special attention to interconnection between conflict sentiments and social and political issues (employment relations, cooperation of citi-zens and public organizations with authorities, so-cial feeling of citizens). There was conducted an analysis of specific nature of how respondents, who identify themselves with different ethnic groups, perceive such elements of ethnocultural traditions as religious practices and speaking their native lan-guage. The study examines peculiar attitudes to religious traditions both in the host and migrant societies, the patterns of expansion of protest sen-timents among respondents belonging to different ethnic groups, as well as correlation between such sentiments and problems of interethnic and inter-confessional relations. There are identified socioec-onomic and cultural factors of developing a conflict-free style of interethnic and interconfessional rela-tions.

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The paper analyzes the ideas of H. Neville’s philosophical novel “The Isle of Pines”. The scope of the research is to make sense of its place within the context of Early Modern political philosophy, and especially its linkage with the Hobbesian theories of human nature, sovereignty and inevitable conflict engaging pre-political communities into bellum omnium contra omnes. Rethinking Hobbesian views on the natural state Neville replaces his mechanical interpretation of human’s passions and behavioral patterns with a historical perspective. Taking into his account contemporary ethnographical knowledge Neville set a mental experiment and found out that a Hobbesian trap before the emergence of a state was not inevitable as well as the lack of social norms. We argue that Neville’s novel was an attempt to escape Hobbesian pessimism and to describe the emergence of social and political structures as a historical and evolutionary proces

Introduction. The paper gives the analysis of the development of Bacon’s views on the problem of the interrelations between science and the state power. Theoretical analysis. The initial period of this development was linked to Bacon’s attempts of obtaining privileged position in the court circles during Elizabethan reign. In his treatises and speeches of 1580-90s Bacon started a propagandist campaign for the reform of science: in order to create the most effective tool of increasing its power and glory the crown had to realize the futility of scholasticism and the fraud of alchemical enterprises and to support the efforts of the researchers in improving technologies and discovering the laws of nature. This instrumentalist perspective however gained little support in governmental circles, first of all because of Bacon's sharp criticism of alchemical projects in which the most influential court men were engaged. The next stage of the development of Bacon's ideas started in early 1600s. In his treatises Bacon combined his attacks on alchemy etc. with an ethical & theological doctrine of the values of scientific research. During his spectacular career at Jacobean court Bacon exposed his doctrine to self-censure in order not to offend the monarch whose patronage he had successfully gained. However during his retirement he began a further work at this doctrine and made it the basis for his utopian novel, “The New Atlantis”. Conclusion. Baconian views on the interrelations between science and political power were shaped by his philosophical development as well as by his political experience that led his theories from administrative reformism to ethical analysis and further – to social criticism and utopianism.