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Objective: assessment of the "systemic toxicity of local anesthetics,” term validity, and a legal appraisal of the term “lipid resuscitation.” Regulatory documents and specialized literature devoted to the terminology of toxicity of local anesthetics were reviewed and analyzed. The article presents the classification of the adverse events proposed by World Health Organization experts. The legal issues related to the so-called “lipid resuscitation” are discussed. It seems appropriate to replace the term “systemic toxicity” of local anesthetics in all official documents with the term “side effect of the drug” or “side effects.” The use of the “lipid resuscitation” term in clinical practice is not supported by regulatory documents.

The article presents a clinical case of successful treatment of a patient with polytrauma complicated by multiple fatty embolism. Complications were manifested in the form of a syndrome of multiple organ failure: cerebral, cardiovascular and respiratory failure. According to the protocols and recommendations for providing assistance to patients with polytrauma, the tactics of management and intensive therapy were determined, with the obligatory consideration of recommendations for the treatment of patients with fat embolism. The patient underwent neuroprotection, which included one of the modern drugs, such as celex, artificial lung ventilation, maintenance of hemodynamics by cardiovascular medications, correction of the water, electrolyte and acid-base balance with positive dynamics. Despite the difficulties of diagnosis and treatment, a high percentage of disability, complications and mortality, the difficulty of preventing complications, a favorable outcome for patients with associated trauma is possible. An interdisciplinary approach ensures the success of the treatment and rehabilitation of these patients.

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