Background: According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, the bodies and institutions of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor) shall carry out sanitary and epidemiological surveillance over the sanitary protection districts of natural curative resources, health and recreational areas, mountain and spa resorts. The specified districts are statutory and use-restricted zones. They are designated for protection and preservation of natural curative resources and resort areas. The purpose of the study was to elaborate approaches to organization of effective sanitary and epidemiological surveillance over the sanitary protection districts. Material and methods: We analyzed data collected by the Laboratory for Resort Resources of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, results of our own surveys of mineral water deposits, therapeutic mud sites, and resort areas carried out when designing districts, and data on the districts established in the Russian Federation. In addition, we have reviewed legislative and regulatory requirements for establishment and surveillance of environmental conditions in such districts. Results and discussion: Difficulties in executing sanitary and epidemiological control (surveillance) over the districts are related to the lack of an up-to-date legal framework for the districts or general access to the data on their boundaries, the obsolete nature of programs (plans) of sanitary and recreational activities, a wide variety of controlled activities and objects, etc. Conclusion: In order to organize effective sanitary and epidemiological control over the districts, it is important to review and approve a set of regulatory documents and guidelines developed in 2017–2020 by the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers. Besides, it is essential to rank objects of governmental supervision, to develop electronic databases on the controlled objects for each district, and to collaborate with the bodies of the Federal Supervisory Natural Resources Management Service (Rosprirodnadzor) and other state control bodies in conducting scheduled inspections. It is also necessary to conduct sanitary and epidemiological expert examinations, surveys, studies, tests, and other types of assessments, involving accredited experts and expert organizations.

The aim of this paper is to assess individual health risk caused by food consumption, as well as possibility of use and calculation of safe amount of food for MRE package provided by Emergencies Ministry officers to kids under 3 years old in disaster zones. The samples studied include dry instant porridge, canned meat, liver pate, homogenized fruit and vegetable purees, sea biscuits, and bottled water of various brands. The paper shows that all tested food samples meet requirements regarding food safety and quality. Individual children's lifetime health risk caused by the consumption of tested foods and drinking water is estimated as (0,5-10,0) -10-5 for canned meat, (0,004-0,068) -10-5 for fruit and vegetable purees and drinking water for babies, (3,4-68,0) -10-5 for dry instant porridges, (0,023 0,28) -10-5 for liver pate, (0,068-1,74) -10-5 for sea biscuits, (0,004-0,42) -10-5 for bottled water. Calculation of estimated risk for individual showed that some samples could be classed among high risk products since risk calculation method takes into consideration all possible negative effects (carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, embryogenic, etc.) of pollutants on a child's organism. Therefore, when choosing canned food suppliers for MRE package, risks of this food consumption along with sanitary and hygienic requirements must be considered. It is calculated that one MRE package per day for children should contain approximately 100 g of porridge, 50 g of canned meat, 50 g of vegetable puree, 150 g of liver pate and 100 g of sea biscuits. This information should be on the package label.

Introduction. The current system of assessing and controlling safety and quality of natural mineral waters requires improvement in accordance with strategic objectives set by the Federation Council of the Russian Federal Assembly and other government agencies. Material and methods. We analyzed archival materials of our laboratory of resort resources, the findings of surveys of mineral water sources and on-site bottling plants, the results of numerous sanitary, epidemiological, and balneological tests of the quality, safety and medicinal properties of bottled natural mineral waters. We also scrutinized legislative and regulatory requirements on the topic. Results. In view of the strategic objectives, we developed guidelines for sanitary, epidemiological, and balneological expert examination, assessment, safety and quality control of bottled natural mineral waters, their monitoring, methods for identifying counterfeit products, and legislative regulation of relevant requirements. Limitations. None. Conclusion. The developed guidelines allow optimization of the system of assessment, safety, and quality control of bottled natural mineral waters.