Molecular variation in six nuclear genes provides substantive phylogenetic evidence for the recognition of a new cypriniform family, the Ellopostomatidae, to include the enigmatic Southern Asia loach genus Ellopostoma. The current six loach families form a monophyletic group, with the Nemacheilidae as the sister group to Ellopostomatidae; Vaillantellidae forms the sister group to all families exclusive of Botiidae. While the superfamily Cobitoidea includes eight families, the monophyly of this large clade within the Cypriniformes remains a vexing problem despite extensive molecular analyses and is in need of further investigation.

A new species of freshwater potamid crab of the genus Johora Bott, 1966, previously known only from Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore, is described from southern Thailand. The new species, J. thaiana, can be distinguished from congeners by its setose terminal segment of the male first pleopod, which is distinctly tapering and forming a conical structure, with the distal part slightly curved outwards. RÉSUMÉUne espèce nouvelle de crabe Potamidae d'eaux douces du genre Johora Bott, 1966, connu auparavant seulement de la péninsule malaise et de Singapour, est décrite du sud de la Thaïlande. La nouvelle espèce, J. thaiana, peut être distinguée de ses congénères par le segment terminal sétifère du premier pléopode mâle, qui est distinctement effilé et forme une structure conique, avec la partie distale légèrement recourbée vers l'extérieur.

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A new mysid, Heteromysoides songkhlaensis, is reported from shallow water in the Songkhla Lagoon, southern Thailand. The new species is closely similar to H. nana in having a triangular rostrum and the eyestalk without a process at the anteromesial corner. However, the new species can be readily distinguished from H. nana by three setae on the inner margin and five setae on distal margin of the second segment of the mandibular palp; the carpopropodus of the fifth and sixth thoracic endopod of the new species is composed of four articles, and the telson of the new species is distally rounded, shorter than the sixth abdominal somite, and 1.3 times longer than its basal width; the spines on the telson form elongated spines from the distal to posterior margin. The new species also resembles H. dennisi, H. simplex, and H. stenoura; however, it differs by (1) the presence of a rounded distal margin of telson, and (2) absence of a sharp process on the distolateral corner of the eyestalk.

Two specimens of an unknown jellyfish species were collected in Bat Gallim and Beit Yannai, on the Mediterranean coast of Israel, in June and July 2010. Morphological characters identified it as a cepheid (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa, Rhizostomeae). However, the specimens showed remarkable differences from other cepheid genera; unlike Cephea and Netrostoma it lacks warts or knobs centrally on the exumbrella and filaments on oral disk and between mouths, and it differs from Cotylorhiza in its proximally loose anastomosed radial canals and in lacking stalked suckers and filaments on the moutharms. We thus describe it herein as Marivagia stellata gen. et sp. nov. We also present the results of molecular analyses based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and 28S ribosomal DNA, which support its placement among the Cepheidae and also provide its barcode signature. This new find is the fourth introduced scyphozoan species recorded in the Mediterranean. The presence of a sexually mature specimen collected as far back as 2006, and the occurrence of the species this summer at sites nearly 90 kms apart, indicate the existence of an established population.