Loosening machines occupy a special place for mechanization of earth-moving. Despite rapid development of new methods for soils excavation and specialized machines, the mechanical method of their destruction by rippers in the near future will remain the most effective in most operating conditions. This is explained by relative simplicity of rippers design, wide scope and versatility of their applications, high productivity and low cost per unit of work performed. Rippers play a special role while excavating rocky and frozen soils, and in the latter case, the issue of loosening is particularly relevant, since the area occupied by permafrost is 58% of our country, and together with seasonally frozen soils it covers almost 90% of its territory. One of the most rational ways to intensify the processes of loosening are high-frequency oscillations of the ripper working body in the sonic range using resonant magnetostrictive vibrators. A new approach to the design of a loosening process control system is needed, which covers a range of issues related to development of new principles and methods of automation. Only in this way it will be possible to significantly improve the technical and economic indicators of loosening machines, to avoid influence on them of significant fluctuations in quantitative and qualitative characteristics of soil. Analysis of loosening processes showed that earthworks in heavy soils using traditional methods and mechanisms of loosening are not sufficiently effective first of all due to insufficient use of energy potential of loosening machine. Therefore, one of the most important tasks that needs to be solved when introducing the methods of vibro-loosening of frozen soils is to increase energy efficiency of these processes. Since traditional methods for excavation of frozen soils require substantial energy costs of 5–6 kW per m3, the introduction of the proposed system makes it possible to reduce these costs by 15–20%.

No abstract

The article considers the possibility of creation of a non-contact DC generator on permanent magnets with transistor voltage regulator operating in the mode of high-frequency pulse-width modulation.

No abstract

No abstract