We tested the action of proline-rich peptide (PRP-1) and cobra venom Naja Naja Oxiana (NOX) on Deiters' nucleus neurons at 3rd, 15th and 35th days after unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL). Early and late tetanic, post-tetanic potentiation and depression of Deiters'neurons to bilateral high frequency stimulation of hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricualar nuclei was studied. The analysis of spike activity was carried out by mean of on-line selection and special program. The complex averaged peri-event time and frequency histograms shows the increase of inhibitory and excitatory reactions of Deiters' neurons at early stage of vestibular compensation following PRP-1 and NOX injection, reaching the norm at the end of tests. In histochemical study the changes in Ca(2+)-dependent acidic phosphatase (AP) activity in neurons was discovered. It was shown that in UL animals the total disappearance or delay of decolorizing of Deiters' neurons lead to neurodegenerative pattern as cellular "shade". AP activity after UL and PRP-1 injection exerts more effective recovery of neurons in comparison with events, observed after the administration of NOX. The data of this study indicate that PRP-1 and NOX are protectors, which may successfully recover the disturbed vestibular functions.

Objective: To examine the effect of 12 weeks of (3 days/week) concurrent training and 4 weeks of detraining on serum adiponectin concentrations and physical fitness levels in obese boys without dietary intervention. Methods: 24 healthy boys, 11-13 years old with body mass index >28 voluntarily participated in the study. They were divided into two groups, experimental (n = 12) and control (n = 12). results: Adiponectin concentrations after 12 weeks presented significant decline in both experimental and control group compared with the baseline (p < 0.05). VO 2 peak, flexibility, strength, endurance of sit-ups and agility significantly increased in the experimental group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). It was shown that after a 4-week detraining, serum adiponectin did not significantly change in the experimental group and that beneficial physical fitness was gradually decreased. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the beneficial effects of exercise training on physical fitness are temporary. Since the process of adaptation is reversible, it seems that adiponectin concentrations were inevitably affected by morphological and hormonal changes that occurred during puberty in boys.

Мы протестировали реакции нейронов ядра Дейтерса на двустороннюю высокочастотную стимуляцию паравентрикулярных и супраоптических ядер гипоталамуса (PVN & SON) в норме и после односторонней лабиринтэктомии (UL). Анализ спайковой активности проводился с помощью on-line выборки и специальной программы. Комплексные усредненные гистограммы времени и частоты перисобытий показывают усиление тормозных и возбуждающих реакций нейронов Дейтерса на ранней стадии вестибулярной компенсации после инъекции богатого пролином пептида (PRP-1) и яда кобры Naja Naja Oxiana (NOX), достигая норме по окончании испытаний. При гистохимическом исследовании обнаружено изменение активности Са2+-зависимой кислой фосфатазы (КФ) в нейронах. Было показано, что у UL животных полное исчезновение или задержка обесцвечивания нейронов Дейтерса приводит к нейродегенеративному паттерну в виде клеточного «оттенка». Активность КФ после UL и инъекции PRP-1 вызывает более эффективное восстановление нейронов по сравнению с событиями, наблюдаемыми после введения NOX. Наблюдения за поведением в «открытом поле» показывают, что PRP-1 и NOX являются протекторами, которые могут успешно восстанавливать нарушенные вестибулярные функции. / We tested the reactions of Deiters’ nucleus neurons to bilateral high frequency stimulation of hypothalamic paraventricualar and supraoptic nuclei (PVN & SON) in norm and following unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL). The analysis of spike activity was carried out by mean of on-line selection and special program. The complex averaged perievent time and frequency histograms shows the increase of inhibitory and excitatory reactions of Deiters’ neurons at early stage of vestibular compensation following proline-rich peptide (PRP-1) and cobra venom Naja Naja Oxiana (NOX) injection, reaching the norm at the end of tests. In histochemical study the changes in Ca2+-dependent acidic phosphatase (AP) activity in neurons was discovered. It was shown that in UL animals the total disappearance or delay of decolorizing of Deiters’ neurons lead to neurodegenerative pattern as cellular “shade”. AP activity after UL and PRP-1 injection exerts more effective recovery of neurons in comparison with events, observed after the administration of NOX. The behavioral observations in “open fieald” indicate that PRP-1 and NOX are protectors, which may successfully recover the disturbed vestibular functions.

Rotenone is involved in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, and curcumin may prevent or effectively slow the progression of Parkinson disease (PD). Previous research has shown that the naturally occurring phenolic compound curcumin can reduce inflammation and oxidation, making it a potential therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases. The present study involves investigation of rotenone induced histological changes in the brain areas, hippocampus using Nissl staining after 35 day of subcutaneous injection administration of rotenone in adult male rats. In this study, we investigated whether curcumin protects against rotenone-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity in a rat model by in vivo electrical recording from Substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Curcumin treatment significantly improved electrical activity of neurons in the SNc of rotenone-induced PD model rats. The pattern of histological alterations corresponds with electrophysiological manifestations.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease characterized clinically as a movement disorder. A hallmark feature of PD is the degeneration of the dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta  and the consequent striatal dopamine  deficiency. The lack of dopamine causes the primary symptoms of PD- tremor, slowness of movement, muscle stiffness and balance problems.  Research is devoted to the study of systemic compensatory reactions of the rat's brain developing in response to rotenone-induced animal model of PD under the conditions of neuroprotective intervention of Curcumin. This has raising expectations for the development of new neuroprotective therapies for the prevention of PD. Male albino rats were treated with rotenone injections (2.5 mg/ml intraperitoneally) for 21 days.We examined the effects of neuroprotector curcumin (200 mg/kg) on behavior and the electrical activity of hippocampus neurons measured in response to high frequency stimulation (HFS) of entorhinal cortex (EC). In the hippocampus, the excitatory and inhibitory synapses between EC and CA3 pyramidal cells expresses robust forms of short-term plasticity, such as frequency facilitation  (post-tetanic potentiation – PTP) and depression (post-tetanic depression – PTD). Motor activity was assessed by cylinder test. The results showed that Rotenone causes significant reduction of neuronal activity, whereas curcumin can improve the motor impairments and electrophysiological parameters and may be beneficial in the treatment of PD. Curcumin significantly prevented rotenone-induced impairment of hippocampal synaptic plasticity, which is likely mediated via dysfunction of mitochondrial complex I. It alleviated the deficits behavior in rats as the rearing frequencies of animals were enhanced. Keywords:  Parkinson's disease, rotenone-induced animal model, electrophysiological parameters, deficits behavior.