Vegetable oils are extremely important for the human organism, being considered a source of energy and of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E and K), and fundamental in promoting the taste of food. Sunflower oil is obtained from the seed of the plant Helianthus annuus L., of the Compositae family, standing out for being the fourth oilseed in grain production and the fifth in cultivated area in the world. Another valuable seed used for oil extraction is sesame (Sesamum indicum, L.), which belongs to the Pedaliaceae family. Due to the quality and characteristics of some vegetable oils, which may change after long periods of storage, thus giving relevance to studies on the determination of these changes. From this, this work had the objective of evaluating the quality of the sesame and sunflower oil, commercial and cold extracted, to obtain more information about the alterations occurred during the storage period and its oxidative potential. The oleochemical analyzes were performed using the variables related to the iodine, peroxide, acidity and % free fatty acids (FFA) indices, where the analyzes were performed in triplicates. As a result, the commercialized sesame and sunflower oils showed values above the limits recommended by the RDC No. 270, of September 22, 2005, in relation to the cold extracting sesame and sunflower oleochemical indexes presented adequate values. The contribution of the work developed shows that oils after extraction, industrial processing and depending on storage conditions can present vulnerability and compromise their quality.
El aceite de la fruta seca de coco (Cocos nucifera L.) tiene un origen vegetal extraído del árbol de coco, perteneciente a la familia Arecaceae y la subfamilia Cocoideae. Tiene un gran potencial para uso industrial ya que tiene aplicaciones en varias áreas productivas. La búsqueda constante de productos que puedan agregar valor y traer beneficios a la humanidad ha llevado al crecimiento en el uso de aceite de coco en procesos industriales, ya que es un aceite considerado estable debido a su alto nivel de saturación en comparación con otros aceites comestibles. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar las características oleoquímicas del aceite de coco a partir de procesos de extracción en frío y aceites industrializados, verificando el análisis de los parámetros indicativos de la calidad de estos aceites, que fueron los siguientes: índices de acidez, peróxido, yodo y porcentajes de ácidos grasos libres. Se realizó un análisis comparativo de aceite de coco comercial y aceite de coco adaptado por el método Bligh & Dyer. Las muestras en ambos tratamientos se obtuvieron de tiendas locales y se analizaron por triplicado. Los parámetros analizados fueron similares para ambos aceites tratados, se encontraron dentro de los estándares requeridos por la legislación RDC No. 270 y CODEX alimentarius e indicando buena calidad para el consumo. Solo los datos para el índice de yodo en los dos tratamientos fueron altos, y pueden haber sido influenciados por la estacionalidad de la fruta, por el método de extracción o por procesos industriales.
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