BackgroundBovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) produces disorders on the immune system in naturally infected animals, which may counteract the development of immunity after vaccination. The aim of this study was to investigate whether healthy and BLV infected cattle elicited similar humoral responses after foot and mouth disease (FMD) immunization. In a field study, 35 Holstein heifers were selected based on their BLV serological status and immunized with a single dose of a commercial bivalent oil-based FMD vaccine. Serum samples were collected at 0, 15, 60, 165 and 300 days post vaccination (dpv).ResultsTotal anti-A24/Cruzeiro antibodies, IgM, IgG1, IgG2 titers and avidity index of specific antibodies were determined by ELISA. Although only marginally significant differences were found between groups in terms of total antibodies, anti-FMD IgM and IgG1 titers were significantly lower in heifers infected with BLV at the 15 dpv (p < 0.01). Animals that became infected during the study did not show differences to the BLV negative group.ConclusionsCattle infected with BLV at the time of immunization may elicit a low-magnitude serological response to a commercial Foot-and-mouth disease vaccine.
El herpesvirus bovino 4 (BoHV-4) es un gammaherpesvirus distribuido mundialmente. Se ha aislado tanto de animales sanos como enfermos con afecciones respiratorias, vulvovaginitis, mastitis, abortos y endometritis. Realiza infección latente en células monocíticas y del sistema nervioso periférico y/o central. La baja eficiencia reproductiva es un problema identificado en la ganadería uruguaya. Los agentes virales con impacto reproductivo identificados en el país incluyen el virus de la rinotraqueítis infecciosa bovina (herpesvirus bovino 1, BoHV-1) y el virus de la diarrea viral bovina (BVDV). Teniendo en cuenta que países de la región han puesto en evidencia la presencia de BoHV-4 y la posible relación de este virus con problemas reproductivos, el objetivo de este estudio fue explorar la presencia de BoHV-4 en rodeos de bovinos lecheros de Uruguay. Se utilizó ELISA comercial para detectar anticuerpos específicos contra BoHV-1, BoHV-4 y BVDV y PCR para confirmar la presencia de ADN de BoHV-4, realizando posteriormente la secuenciación genética. Se utilizaron 597 muestras de suero de vacas Holando de los departamentos de Florida, Durazno y Tacuarembó. Del total, 195 (32,7%) tuvieron anticuerpos para BoHV-4, 285 (47,7%) para BoHV-1 y 564 (94,4%) para BVDV. Se detectó el ADN de BoHV-4 en 13/17 muestras. El alineamiento del árbol filogenético demostró un alto nivel de identidad (97,2%) entre las cepas uruguayas y de otros países. Esta representa la primera comunicación de la detección de BoHV-4 en Uruguay. Estudios futuros deben evaluar la diseminación del virus en la población bovina y su eventual impacto en la salud y producción ganadera nacional.
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