Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the structure of callus of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. during induction of morphogenesis. It was found that transferring of callus on the medium lacking growth regulators induced several simultaneous developmental programs: embryoidogenesis, rhizogenesis, and gemmogenesis. The program of embryoidogenesis prevailed over the others. Various morphological structures were found to appear on the callus surface in the following order: trichome (on the 2nd day), roots (the 2nd or 3rd day), embryoids (the 6th to 8th day), and buds (the 10th to 14th day). It was shown that morphogenesis is preceded by loosening of the callus surface and by appearance of the secret on it. Possible functions of secretion in the induction of the observed processes are discussed.

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In vitro systems serve as compact and manipulate models to investigate interactions between different cell types. A homogeneous population of cells predictably and uniformly responds to external factors. In a heterogeneous cell population, the effect of external growth factors is perceived in the context of intercellular interactions.Indirect cell cocultivation allows one to observe the paracrine effects of cells and separately analyze cell populations. The article describes an application of custommade cell cocultivation systems based on protein membranes separated from the bottom of the vessel by the 3D printed holder or kept afloat by a magnetic field.Using the proposed cocultivation system, we analyzed the interaction of A549 cells and fibroblasts, in the presence and absence of growth factors. During cocultivation of cells, the expression of genes of the activation for epithelial and mesenchymal transitions decreases. The article proposes the application of a newly available system for the cocultivation of different cell types.