Dynamic hydrogen bubble templating of Ni (Ni DHBT) electrodes was used to prepare highly porous films with enhanced properties towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Upon varying the electrodeposition conditions, Ni films with a macroporous primary structure and highly porous cauliflower-like secondary structure were formed. These films are able to develop an extended electrochemically active surface area, up to 270-fold increase compared to Ni plate. They exhibit stable overpotential ( 250 = 540 mV) at j = 250 mA cm-2 geometric in 1M KOH electrolyte, which is 300 mV less positive than at Ni plate. Fe incorporation onto these Ni DHBT structures can further lower OER overpotentials to  250 = 310 mV. Ni DHBT films are remarkably stable over prolonged polarization and are characterized by a low Tafel slope (29 mV/ decade) that extends up to j =100 mA cm-2 geometric , attributed to both superaerophobic characteristics with a contact angle of ca 160° between the surface and an air bubble and superhydrophilic characteristics with less than 25° between the surface and a water droplet.

Combinatorial and high throughput methods have recently been applied to chemical reaction development as it greatly increases the reactivity "space" available to the chemist. Recent focus has been the development of detection methods, particularly those directed towards enantioselectivity. Progress in this area has been reviewed with particular emphasis placed on recent enantioselective methods.

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