This article analyzes global and regional development perspectives of the oil business. This study uses statistical, financial methods, as well as comparative approach to analyze modern state of the oil industry in the world and oil industry markets in various regions (OPEC, ОECD, Russia, etc.). Results show that current situation in the oil market is characterised by domination of those factors, which will facilitate maintenance of relatively low oil prices. The study develops oil market regulation model. This model takes into account the following main factors: (i) Energy sector development strategies of developing countries, (ii) Geopolitical uncertainties, (iii) Difficulties in forecasting the international geopolitical situation, (iv) Competition for energy sources, (v) The main regulators, which influence both the activity of oil companies and the markets generally.

The subject of the research is the peculiarities of the implementation of international law in national legal systems, the law enforcement practice of the implementation of international legal obligations of the state, doctrinal approaches to the interaction of the norms of international and domestic law. The purpose of the article is to confirm or disprove the hypothesis that the limits, forms and methods of the ex-ante intrusion of international law into the national legal system are determined not only as a result of the agreed will of States, but also against such will, under the influence of the interests of individual States or their political blocs that occupy a dominant position in an international organization. Methodology. The authors use such general theoretical and specific scientific methods as comparative analysis, generalization, interpretation and classification as well as systemic analysis and formal logical methods. The main results. The forms and methods of intrusion of international law into the legal systems are diversified. International law is not limited to interstate relations. Global processes require the development of new scientific approaches to understanding the processes of intrusion of international law into the legal systems of States. These processes require the study of the forms and methods of the impact of international law and international institutions on the national legal order. States are sometimes forced to implement measures developed in the international implementation mechanism (due to the need for international financial assistance as well as the inability to single-handedly defeat internal corruption, create a favorable international image, etc.). The international legal invasion exist already ex – post through the decisions of international judicial bodies or the assertive recommendations of international organizations. Their demands are made not just to comply with international obligations, but to change national legislation. The implementation of the norms of international law in national legal systems should be carried out at the domestic level just as much as it is necessary to fulfill these international obligations. The law enforcement practice in the state is based solely on national principles of law, and it is unacceptable to comply with the requirements from the outside to change them from the point of view of the independence of the state. It is the exclusive right of each State to determine the content of acts of interpretation of international bodies in relation to the decisions and actions of specific States from the point of view of their national interests. We prove that every state has the important right to determine the limits of the invasion of international law in their national legal system: the contents of implementing legislation; the completeness of implementation of the decisions and recommendations of international bodies and courts; the recognition of the extraterritorial validity of foreign law and forms of its implementation. Conclusions. The fundamental principle of international law- pacta sunt servanda – is transforming into a practical imperative – national legislation must change. This is due to the recognition of the jurisdiction of international judicial bodies. This is due to the extraterritorial effect of foreign law; it is connected with the transnational character of the law of international integration entities. This is due to the inability of individual States to resist exponential corruption. The continuous nature of the intrusion of international law into national legal systems is reflected in the various methods of such interference. The article proves the importance of each state having the right to independently determine the limits of the intrusion of international law into their national legal system.

Subject of research: criminal law categories the object and subject of fraud in the field of lending, responsibility for which is provided for in Art. 166 of the Criminal Code of the Donetsk People's Republic (hereinafter the Criminal Code of the DPR), in the context of the content of property relations regulated by the civil legislation of the Donetsk People's Republic (hereinafter the DPR). The purpose of research: to identify substantive shortcomings in the formulation of the object and subject of the crime under Art. 166 of the Criminal Code of the DPR, followed by a proposal for options for their elimination. Methods and objects of research: to obtain the results of the study, the methods of cognition used in the humanities (legal) sciences were used. The content analysis method was used in the study of the content of the relevant provisions of the criminal and civil legislation of the DPR in terms of determining the object of criminal law protection against theft in the field of lending. The method of system analysis was used in studying the issues of providing adequate criminal law protection of public relations in the field of lending. Dialectical and formal-logical methods were used in assessing the quality of the differentiation of criminal liability for fraud in the field of lending and other theft committed by deceit or breach of trust, carried out by the legislator of the DPR. Results of research: the content of the subject of the crime under Art. 166 of the Criminal Code of the DPR, needs an extensive official interpretation. To do this, it is necessary to extend the scope of Art. 166 of the Criminal Code of the DPR on relations based on a loan agreement. The subject of fraud in the field of lending must be recognized not only as cash and non-cash funds, but also other property, as well as property rights, as defined in Art. 168 of the Civil Code of the DPR.

КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ МОДЕЛЕЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ АДВОКАТУРЫ CLASSIFICATION OF THE MODELS OF BAR ASSOCIATIONСовершенно верно подчеркивал С. Деханов, что «организационное единство адвокатов важно не только с позиции общественного контроля за их деятельностью, но и с точки зрения защиты их профессиональных интересов. Ведь не секрет, что в условиях столкновения эконо-мических интересов, интересов политических противников, адвокаты, которые их представ-ляют, также становятся мишенью для давления. В такой ситуации «один в поле не воин», а за-щитить интересы адвоката может только профессиональная корпорация адвокатов» [5].Именно сравнительное правоведение позволяет нам лучше понять российское законода-тельство, определить его место в системе сложившихся, но вместе с тем развивающихся и вза-имодействующих между собой правовых систем с учетом их эволюции. Цели проведенного исследования заключались в том, чтобы посредством анализа законодательства зарубежных стран определить основные модели адвокатского самоуправления, проанализировать различ-ные варианты их дифференциации, выявить присущие им достоинства и недостатки, а также сделать выводы о принадлежности российского законодательства к той или иной модели.

The present study is devoted to corruption combating issues in the Russian Federation. This ill of the society is officially recognized as a threat to national security. Evaluating of the applied set of measures against corruption speaks for its inefficiency. The venal practices situation in Russia does not alter fundamentally. One of the reasons for the failure of corruption-related criminal practice combating is the faulty statistical accounting system. In particular, it recognizes as corruption related crimes the conducts which are not actually such. High annual crime detection figures provide deceptive impression of the success of corruption combating by police officers. In the follow-up of the study, we conclude about necessity to reduce the list of corruption offences, which must contain only crimes like abuse of power, bribery, and other crimes against lawfulness in the spheres of public authority and service.