The current situation and national features of technical regulation (standardization) of preparation of planning solutions for the development of urban underground space are considered. The article describes the history of the issue and examines the wording of the draft Code of rules "buildings, structures and complexes underground. Rules of town-planning design". The purpose of the analysis was to assess the effectiveness of the draft Code of rules, identifying the problems of standardization at the planning level. The analysis was carried out in conjunction with the directions of improving legal regulation. It is concluded that before the removal of legal barriers, the approval of the draft Code of rules is premature. The results of the analytical stage showed the presence of system defects of standardization for this urban level and identified their causes. On this basis, General proposals for the elimination of such defects are given and the specifics of finalizing the draft Code of rules are proposed. These recommendations can be useful for the developer, the state customer, the executor of the draft Code of rules, as well as for representatives of the expert community.
The main features of the state regulation of the development of underground space, the shortcomings of legal regulation and standardization as the reasons for the lag of Russian cities in this area of urban development are considered. The results of the monitoring and analysis of regulatory documents in the field of integrated urban development of underground space are presented. Gaps and conflicts in a number of subject documents on standardization that do not allow for effective integral development of the underground part of the city territory are identified, and suggestions for improving standardization are given. A new Set of Rules (SP 473) concerning «underground urban planning» is analyzed in detail, and a conclusion is made about its systemic shortcomings, primarily related to the imperfection of legal regulation. The structure of applied scientific research initiated by the author of this article and aimed at introducing a set of legislative changes is disclosed. It is proposed to synchronize their introduction with ensuring the correction of SP 473 and other documents on standardization. The relevance of the topics and studies covered is not only related to their novelty, but also to the consideration of issues in the context of approaching the model of a sustainable, viable and compact city.
In the view of the sections of the state information system for ensuring urban planning activities, the place is shown and the role in regulating the development of territories is revealed. The composition of spatial data contained in various types and sections of urban planning documentation is analyzed. A review of world practice has shown that many of the analyzed spatial data are included in national spatial data infrastructures, which indicates their high level of signifi cance. Consideration of the issues of updating graphic documents by maintaining duty plans of urban planning information using GIS technologies revealed the need to consolidate secondary (updated) documents at the legislative level. An analysis of the requirements for spatial data in the fi eld of urban planning and the real estate cadastre showed the need for their refi nement in terms of clarifying the requirements for the accuracy of describing the objects of urban planning activities and unifying the coordinate systems used. Proposals are given for the establishment of uniform requirements for methods for determining the coordinates of spatial objects and the rules for determining the permissible discrepancy, as well as requirements for the accuracy of determining the coordinates of the characteristic points of the boundaries of objects of urban planning activities.
The review of features of development of underground space in the large cities of the country and practice of introduction for this purpose of innovations is resulted. The article presents the results of the study, the subject of which is to consider the shortcomings of legal regulation and standardization in the field of transmission of daylight (solar) light under the ground through the use of light guides and other devices. The purpose of this study was to find ways to improve these areas of state regulation. To assess the current situation in the field of regulation under consideration, the analysis of the effectiveness of the main regulatory legal acts, documents on standardization, as well as a review of a number of literature sources. The assessment of the implementation of individual projects is taken into account. According to the results of the analytical stage and taking into account the forecast of modern strategic directions of development of the construction industry, proposals are given to improve the situation (amendments and additions to normative legal acts, documents on standardization, etc.). The implementation of such proposals will require coordinated work of the Ministry of construction of Russia and other authorized agencies and organizations. The implementation of the results of the study can contribute to the sustainability and efficiency of the development of underground space in our cities.
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