Evidence suggests that mortality attributed to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) will increase from 38 million in 2012 to 52 million by 2030. The recent epidemiological data show that these diseases are increasing in low- and middle-income countries so that about 80% of all deaths of NCDs occurred in low- and middle-income countries. It has been estimated that an insufficient level of physical activity leads to a large share of the burden of these diseases. Evidence suggests that the rate of insufficient levels of physical activity in low- and middle-income countries has increased over the past 15 years. The authorities and policymakers must be advocated with consistent evidence from low- and middle-income countries on productivity loss and increased healthcare costs due to the absence or insufficient levels of physical activity. It is also necessary to include physical activity across all policies to prevent possible escalation of the economic burden related to physical inactivity in the near future.

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Background: Oxidative stress is a state of imbalance in capacity to neutralize the free radicals and its production. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of endurance training and purslane seed consumption on NF-κB and CRP in the heart tissue of rats poisoned by H2O2. Methods: Sixty-four adult male rats were randomly assigned into eight groups of eight rats (1) control, (2) endurance training, (3) endurance training with 50 mg/kg/day supplementation of purslane seed, (4) endurance training with 200 mg/kg/day supplementation of purslane seed, (5) endurance training with 400 mg/kg/day supplementation of purslane seed, (6) 50 mg/kg/day supplementation of purslane seed, (7) 200 mg/kg/day supplementation of purslane seed, and (8) 400 mg/kg/day supplementation of purslane seed. During eight weeks groups one through eight received 1 mmol/kg H2O2 three times per week intraperitoneally; groups two through four ran on a treadmill three sessions per week, and groups two through eight received purslane seed intraperitoneally daily. Two-way ANOVA and the Bonferroni post hoc tests were used for statistical data analysis (P ≤ 0.05). Results: Endurance training significantly increased CRP protein levels (P = 0.001), however, the purslane seed consumption significantly reduced CRP protein levels (P = 0.001), and endurance training with purslane seed extract consumption had interactive effects on reduction of CRP protein levels (P = 0.0.001). Endurance training had no significant effect on NF-κB protein levels (P = 0.172), however, the purslane seed consumption had a significant effect on the reduction of NF-κB (P = 0.0.001), and endurance training with purslane seed consumption had interactive effects on reduction of NF-κB (P = 0.0.001). Conclusions: It appears that endurance training with concurrent consumption of purslane seed has interactive effects on the reduction of NF-κB and CRP in the heart tissue of rats poisoned by H2O2.