RESUMO:Os microrganismos patogênicos multirresistentes apresentam-se como grandes responsáveis por milhões de mortes em todo o mundo, principalmente Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Staphylococcus aureus, responsáveis por grande parte das infecções hospitalares. A preocupação com estas espécies faz com que novas pesquisas busquem alternativas para controlar estes microrganismos de uma forma mais eficiente e também mais econômica. Os extratos fitoterápicos são alternativas promissoras para este fim, visto que são uma imensa fonte de compostos de ação biológica. O objetivo do trabalho foi a elucidação da atividade antimicrobiana do extrato de Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil., Lythraceae, frente a linhagens de bactérias multirresistentes (P. aeruginosa, S. aureus) isoladas de pacientes com múltiplas infecções internados na Unidade de Emergência de Maceió. Os testes de atividade antibacteriana foram avaliados pelo método de difusão em meio sólido (Kirby-Bauer) modificado. De acordo com os ensaios in vitro, foi constatado que 96,4% das linhagens de bactérias utilizadas na pesquisa apresentaram-se sensíveis ao extrato da folha da planta, demonstrando atividade antibacteriana. Halos de inibição de crescimento de até 26 mm foram encontrados. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o extrato de Lafoensia pacari apresenta possibilidades de se encontrar substâncias úteis no combate a bactérias multirresistentes.Unitermos: Infecção hospitalar, bactérias multirresistentes, Lafoensia pacari, Lythraceae.ABSTRACT: "Antibacterial activity of the hydro-alcoholic extracts of Lafoensia pacari Saint Hil. against multiresistant bacterial strains from hospital source". Multiresistant pathogenic microorganisms are responsible for million of death all the world, mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus that are responsible for great part of hospital infections. The concern with this species does new researches to find out alternatives to control these microorganisms in the way more efficient and more economic. The phytoterapic extracts are promissory alternatives for that purpose because they are an immense source of biological action. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil., Lythraceae, extract on multiresistant bacterial strains (P. aeruginosa, S. aureus) that have been isolated from patients with multiple infections occupying an Emergency Unit from Maceió in Brazil. The antibacterial activity experiments were evaluated by agar diffusion tests. Agreeable us experiments in vitro, ascertain that 96,4% of bacterial strains utilized in this research have showed susceptible to the plant's leaf extract, it means an excellent antibacterial activity. Halos of bacterial inhibition until 26 mm were observed. Thus, it can be concluded that the Lafoensia pacari extract has showed as an excellent product to combat multiresistant bacterial.

Background and objective: Anemophilous fungi are found in the atmosphere and are a leading cause of allergic reactions and nosocomial infections in immunocompromised inpatients. In recent years, fungal hospital-acquired infections have become a serious concern, mainly in Intensive Care Units (ICU's), due to the high rates of morbidity and mortality.

Biological methods have been used to synthesize silver nanoparticles through materials such as bacteria, fungi, plants, and propolis due to their reducing properties, stabilizer role and environmentally friendly characteristic. Considering the antimicrobial activity of propolis as well as the broad‐spectrum antibacterial effects of silver nanoparticles, this study aim to describe the use of Brazilian propolis to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNP‐P) and investigate its antimicrobial activity. The synthesis was optimized by factorial design, choosing the best conditions for smaller size particles. AgNP‐P demonstrated a maximum absorbance at 412 nm in ultraviolet‐visible spectra, which indicated a spherical format and its formation. Dynamic light scattering demonstrated a hydrodynamic size of 109 nm and polydispersity index less than 0.3, showing a good size distribution and stability. After its purification via centrifugation, microscopy analysis corroborates the format and showed the presence of propolis around silver nanoparticle. X‐ray diffraction peaks were attributed to the main planes of the metallic silver crystalline structure; meanwhile infrared spectroscopy demonstrated the main groups responsible for silver reduction, represented by ∼22% of AgNP‐P indicates by thermal analysis. Our product revealed an important antimicrobial activity indicating a synergism between propolis and silver nanoparticles as expected and promising to be an effective antimicrobial product to be used in infections.

Introduction. Surgical site infection remains a challenge for hospital infection control, especially when it relates to skin antisepsis in the surgical site. Objective. To analyze the antimicrobial activity in vivo of an antiseptic from ethanol crude extracts of P. granatum and E. uniflora against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Methods. Agar drilling and minimal inhibitory tests were conducted for in vitro evaluation. In the in vivo bioassay were used Wistar rats and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 14990). Statistical analysis was performed through variance analysis and Scott-Knott cluster test at 5% probability and significance level. Results. In the in vitro, ethanolic extracts of Punica granatum and Eugenia uniflora and their combination showed the best antimicrobial potential against S. epidermidis and S. aureus. In the in vivo bioassay against S. epidermidis, there was no statistically significant difference between the tested product and the patterns used after five minutes of applying the product. Conclusion. The results indicate that the originated product is an antiseptic alternative source against S. epidermidis compared to chlorhexidine gluconate. It is suggested that further researches are to be conducted in different concentrations of the test product, evaluating its effectiveness and operational costs.

A própolis vermelha, como é conhecida popularmente, é uma própolis recentemente encontrada no Brasil e tem potente ação biológica. O presente trabalho avaliou a atividade antimicrobiana do extrato etanólico e das frações hexânica, clorofórmica e acetanólica da própolis proveniente de apiário do estado de Alagoas. As linhagens microbianas utilizadas foram: Shigella flexneri, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli e Candida albicans. O extrato etanólico apresentou atividade antimicrobiana frente a cepas gram-positivas (100%), gram-negativas (62,5%) e fúngicas (100%), com eficiência em 76,9% em todas as espécies testadas. A fração hexânica mostrou eficiência em 76,9% das espécies, semelhante ao extrato bruto; já a fração clorofórmica mostrou atividade frente a 92,3% das espécies analisadas, sendo Klebsiella pneumoniae a única espécie resistente. A fração acetanólica foi a fração que apresentou melhor atividade antimicrobiana com eficiência em 100% das espécies analisadas. Perante Candida albicans, observamos excelentes resultados, principalmente para a fração acetanólica, na qual a concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) se compara aos valores encontrados para as bactérias grampositivas. Assim, as frações de própolis vermelha apresentaram excelente atividade antimicrobiana, principalmente frente a microrganismos gram-positivos e Candida albicans. Além disso, observamos que a fração acetanólica destacou-se como um promissor produto biotecnológico. Palavras-chave: Própolis vermelha. Atividade antibacteriana. Atividade antifúngica. Frações.The red propolis is a new type of propolis founded in Brazil with large biological action. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract and fractions of hexane, chloroform and acetanolica of propolis from the apiary of the state of Alagoas. The microbial strains used were: Shigella flexneri, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,