Glutamatergic dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In this study we performed absolute-quantification short-echo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in nine patients with first episode schizophrenia and 32 group-matched control subjects to test the hypothesis of glutamatergic dysfunction at disease onset. Regions of interest were the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the left hippocampus. In the patient group absolute concentrations of glutamate were significantly higher in the prefrontal cortex and near-significantly higher in the hippocampus. The glutamate signals significantly correlated with rating scores for schizophreniform symptoms. Absolute-quantification [1H]MRS can reveal glutamatergic abnormalities which might play an important role in the pathogenesis and course of schizophrenia.

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67 patients were studied by pulmonary function and heart catheterization at rest, during exercise and after 20min 100% oxygen breathing. 14 patients were diagnosed as having COLD without chronic respiratory insufficiency (CRI). 45 patients were considered to be suffering from pulmonary emphysema (COLD + CRI). In this group, 23 patients had normal hemoglobin concentrations (C_Hb), 14 patients demonstrated decreased values and 8 had secondary polycythemia. All groups of patients had a normal cardiac output (CO), oxygen consumption (VO₂) and pulmonary wedge pressure (P_w) at rest and after oxygen breathing. In the group with COLD and CRI high values for pulmonary vascular resistance (R_p) were found, most pronounced in those with polycythemia. All groups of patients except the polycythemia group demonstrated a significant decrease of R_p during oxygen breathing, but only a slight decrease of pulmonary arterial pressure (P_pa)· It can be concluded that a normal quantity of oxygen transport to peripheral tissues in patients with arterial hypoxemia can be achieved by maintaining normal values for arterial mixed venous oxygen content without a shift of the oxygen dissociation curve.

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Die hochfunktionalen Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen stellen eine wichtige Differenzialdiagnose nicht nur in der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, sondern auch in der Erwachsenenpsychiatrie und durchaus auch für die Psychotherapie dar. Obwohl das Thema insbesondere in der Wissenschaft eine stark zunehmende Beachtung findet, ist es im klinischen Alltag der psychiatrisch-psychotherapeutischen Versorgungsrealität immer noch kaum angekommen.