ABSTRACT:There are large range of applications such as disaster management, military and security that has drawn attention of researches to this type of networks. There are large issues in WSNs like battery consumption, packet loss, path loss, interference issues, bit error rate and clustering. There are many algorithms and techniques that are used to reduce these issues. In this paper we introduced new technique which is based upon cross layer frame rate adaptation scheme to prevent the energy consumption. This proposed technique is much better than existing technique. It implemented using NS -2.KEYWORDS: WSN, CSMA/CA, Battery Consumption, Packet Loss, Throughput, Frame Rate Adaptation . I.INTRODUCTIONA wireless sensor networks is a collection of nodes and organized in cooperative network. In a WSN the node that gathers the data information refers to sink. The sink may be connected to the outside world through internet where the information can be utilized within time constraints [6]. The well known problem in using these networks is limited battery life. This is due to fact that the size of a sensor node is expected to be small and this leads to constraints on size of its components i.e. battery size, processors, data storing memory, all are needed to be small. The creation of small devices capable of sensing data and transmitting them through the wireless medium has allowed many interesting applications to be implemented .Networks made by these devices are called wireless sensor networks(WSNs),and their organization in networks has enabled applications to be widespread. Some recent examples from the literature can be seen in several fields. In the medical field, WSNs can be used to monitor patient conditions at home, making it easier to take emergency actions and saving time.In order to provide security,surveillance networks can be deployed,also making it possible to collaboratively recognize targets.In industry,WSNs enhance the efficiency of processes by allowing timely fault correction. To regain their strength a modulation should be needed which increase its strength. So to overcome this problem a novel technique will be proposed which is based upon adaptive modulation. Adaptive modulation helps to increase signal strength and reduce energy consumption. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)A wireless sensor network is a group of specialized transducers with a communications infrastructure for monitoring and recording conditions at diverse locations. Commonly monitored parameters are temperature, humidity, pressure, wind direction and speed, illumination intensity, vibration intensity, sound intensity, power-line voltage, chemical concentrations, pollutant levels and vital body functions.

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WSN has the potentiality to join the physical world with the virtual world by creating a network of sensor nodes. Here, sensor nodes are usually battery-operated devices, and hence energy reduction of sensor nodes is a major design issue. To extend the network's lifetime, minimization of energy consumption should be used. In cluster-based routing, cluster heads shape a wireless stamina to the sink. Each cluster heads collects data starting the sensors belonging to its cluster and ahead it to the sink. Here, the cluster head position rotates, i.e., each node works as a cluster head for a restricted period of time. Energy saving in BFA approaches can be done by cluster formation, cluster-head election, data collection at the cluster-head nodes to reduce data redundancy and thus save energy and also it improve energy efficiency of homogeneous WSN. It also defined Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA) as an algorithm for selecting best cluster head selection for WSN. The simulation results enhanced performance of BFA based on total energy dissipation and no .of .alive nodes of the network when compared with LEACH