On September 2, 2015, a toddler was photographed on an unnamed Turkish beach in a position reminiscent of a baby sleeping in his crib. Alan Kurdi would instantly become the poster child for an entire nation that had no other alternative but to run and risk their lives on inflatable dinghies. On the open expanse of the Mediterranean Sea, the rate of survival was much higher than staying in Syria. On December 11, 2015, the newly elected Canadian Liberal majority government opened up Canada’s borders to Syrian refugees, and the Canadian education system is now grappling with how to adequately address the needs of their former refugee students. This article examines how deficit discourse affects academic excellence of all English as an Additional Language (EAL) learners, including former refugee students, and how professional development offers a cost-effective solution to the effects of deficit discourse on former refugee students, while equipping teachers with reliable skills and tools to use in diverse classrooms. In addition, this article investigates how standpoint theory can be used as the foundation for professional development programming for teachers of all students, including those who were refugees. Keywords: education; deficit discourse; standpoint theory; refugee
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.