Evaluation of different phosphorus sources in the diet on ruminal parameters, microbial synthesis, nutrient apparent digestibility and plasma phosphorus in cattle ABSTRACT -This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different phosphorus sources, in diets of growing cattle, on apparent partial and total nutrient digestibility; ruminal parameters; microbial efficiency synthesis and plasma phosphorus. Four Holstein steers weighting 280 kg and implanted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used. The experimental design was a 4 × 4 Latin Square and treatments were four supplemental phosphorus sources in the diet as follows:dicalcium phosphate (DP), supertriple phosphate (SP), monoammonium phosphate (MP) and Araxa rock phosphate (ARP).Phosphorus sources did not affect intake, fecal flow, apparent ruminal and intestinal digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and non fiber carbohydrates (NFC). There was a lower phosphorus apparent absorption for ARP, differing of DP and MP. Animals receiving ARP showed higher intake, fecal flow, duodenal flow, ruminal disappearance and total disappearance for fluoride. Animals receiving ARP presented fluoride levels higher than those acceptable to avoid toxicity. Phosphorus sources did not affect plasma phosphorus, nitrogen intake, microbial efficiency synthesis and ruminal bacteria composition. Treatments did not affect ruminal pH and ruminal ammonia concentration. These results show a possible use for supertriple phosphate and monoammonium phosphate to replace dicalcium phosphate.

RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do inoculante microbiano Silobac ® (L. plantarum, P. pentosaceus), na silagem pré-seca de alfafa, em 22 silos, distribuídos em dois tratamentos, sendo 11 silos com inoculante e 11 controle, segundo o delineamento inteiramente casualizado. A alfafa foi cortada quando em estádio do meio do florescimento e os silos, confeccionados com aproximadamente 600 kg e revestidos com película de PVC branca. Amostras foram coletadas, logo após a abertura de cada silo, para análise bromatológica e perfil fermentativo. O inoculante diminuiu o teor de MS (inoculada = 44,7 vs. controle = 51,2%) e aumentou a concentração de ácido acético (2,35 vs. 0,89% MS), em relação ao grupo controle. O inoculante também revelou diminuição no escore de bolor obtido a 10 cm de profundidade, mas não a 30 ou 50 cm. Não foram observados efeitos sobre os teores de PB (15,9 vs. 16,4% MS), NIDN (14,7 vs. 16,2% do N total), NIDA (11,2 vs. 11,6% do N total), FDN (47, Evaluation of Microbial Inoculant on Chemical Composition, Fermentation Characteristics and Aerobic Stability of Alfalfa HaylageABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of microbial inoculant Silobac ® (L. plantarum, P. pentosaceus) on alfalfa haylage, in twenty-two big bales, allotted to two treatment, eleven with inoculant and eleven control, assigned to a totally randomized design. Alfalfa crop was harvested at middle bloom stage and conditioned in silage bales of about 600 kg capacity and covered with white tube plastic film. Silage was sampled to proceed chemical analyses after each silo was opened. The inoculation decreased DM content (inoculated = 44.7 vs. control = 51.3%) and increased acetic acid content (2.35 vs. 0.89% DM), compared to control. Inoculant also showed decreasing mould on depth 10 cm, but not on depth 30 or 50 cm. Treatments did not influence crude protein (15.9 vs. 16.4% DM), NDIN (14.7 vs. 16.2% of total N), ADIN (11.2 vs. 11.6% of total N), NDF (47.1 vs. 46.7% DM), ADF (40.2 vs. 39.8% DM), cellulose (29.7 vs. 28.6% DM), hemicellulose (6.94 vs. 6.89% DM), ADL (10.4 vs. 11.1% DM), WSC (2.97 vs. 2.44% DM) and starch contents (0.82 vs. 0.69% DM), IVDMD (61.6 vs. 62.5% DM), buffering capacity (52.9 vs. 51.7 meq./100g DM), ethylic alcohol (0.018 vs. 0.024% DM), propionic (0.00 vs. 0.00% DM), butyric (0.00 vs. 0.00% DM) and lactic acids contents (5.62 vs. 4.45% DM), lactic:acetic ratio (4.57 vs. 4.87), pH (4.96 vs. 5.33), NH 3 -N content (8.19 vs. 5.21% of total N) or aerobic stability.

No abstract

RESUMO -Objetivou-se, com o presente estudo, avaliar os efeitos da inoculação microbiana da silagem pré-seca de alfafa sobre o consumo de matéria seca, a produção e composição do leite de vacas da raça Holandesa, multíparas, com 135 ± 16,4 dias de lactação, distribuídas em delineamento em reversão simples com seqüência balanceada ("cross-over"), com dois períodos sucessivos. Os tratamentos corresponderam à silagem pré-seca de alfafa (50,0% de MS e 16,5% de PB) controle ou inoculada com o produto Silobac ® (Lactobacillus plantarum e Pediococcus pentosaceus). Cada período experimental teve duração de 21 dias, sendo os cinco últimos dias destinados à coleta de dados. Não se observou efeito da inoculação sobre o CMS (inoculada = 17,8 vs. controle = 17,8 kg/animal/dia), a produção de leite corrigida para 4,0% de gordura (21,0 vs. 20,4 kg/dia), produção de leite (23,0 vs. 22,4 kg/dia), porcentagem de gordura (3,46 vs. 3,47%), proteína (2,96 vs. 2,93%), lactose (4,64 vs. 4,67%), sólidos totais (11,9 vs. 11,9%) e sólidos desengordurados (8,49 vs. 8,48%), CCS (5,43 vs. 5,16 log cel/10 3 /mL), NUL (11,7 vs. 12,1 mg/dl), acidez (15,9 vs. 16,4ºD), densidade (1030,1 vs. 1030,0) e crioscopia (-0,529 vs. -0,531ºH). Palavras-chave: bactérias láticas, produção de leite, Medicago sativa Performance of Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Alfalfa Haylage with Microbial InoculantABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding alfalfa haylage with microbial inoculat on dry matter intake, milk yield and composition in Holstein cows, at 135 ± 16.4 days in milk. A cross-over design with two periods of sampling was used. Treatments were alfalfa haylage (50.0% DM and 16.5% CP) control or microbially inoculated with Silobac ® product ( Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus). Each experimental period extended for twenty-one days, the last five used for data collection. The inoculation did not influence DMI (inoculated = 17.8 vs. control = 17.8 kg/animal/day), 4%FCM (21.0 vs. 20.4 kg/day), milk yield (23.0 vs. 22.4 kg/day), fat (3.46 vs. 3.47%), protein (2.96 vs. 2.93%), lactose (4.64 vs. 4.67%), total solids (11.9 vs. 11.9%) and fat free solids percentage (8.49 vs. 8.48%), SCC (5.43 vs. 5.16 log cell/10 3 /mL), MUN (11.7 vs. 12.1 mg/dl), acidity (15.9 vs. 16.4ºD), density (1030.1 vs. 1030.0) and cryoscopic index (-0.529 vs. -0.531ºH).

RESUMO -Doze vacas (640 kg de PV) não-gestantes e não-lactantes foram distribuídas em um delineamento em blocos, em que os tratamentos corresponderam à silagem pré-secada de alfafa (60,0% de MS e 19,5% de PB) controle ou inoculada com o produto Silobac ® (Lactobacillus plantarum e Pediococcus pentosaceus), com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da inoculação microbiana da silagem de alfafa sobre a digestibilidade total e ruminal em bovinos. A dieta experimental continha 50% de silagem de alfafa e 50% de concentrados, com base na matéria seca. O experimento teve duração total de 21 dias, sendo os dez últimos destinados à administração do marcador óxido crômio e os cinco últimos destinados à coleta de fezes e incubação dos sacos de náilon. A inoculação da silagem de alfafa não alterou a digestibilidade total da MS (inoculada = 70,0% vs. controle = 71,2%), PB (72,3% vs. 73,0%), EE (77,0% vs. 76,8%), FDN (61,2% vs. 55,9%), FDA (66,8% vs. 61,8%), EB (72,5% vs. 73,7%) ou NDT (70,6% vs. 71,8%) da dieta. Também não alterou o consumo de MS digestível (12,2 vs. 11,4 kg/animal/dia ou 1,7% vs. 1,8% do PV) ou o consumo de NDT (12,4 vs. 11,4 kg/animal/dia ou 1,8% vs. 1,8% do PV). Entretanto, a inoculação diminuiu a degradabilidade efetiva da MS da silagem de alfafa para taxas de passagem de 2%/h (61,2% vs. 65,1%), 5%/h (54,1% vs. 58,6%) e 8%/h (50,0% vs. 54,4%), bem como reduziu a degradabilidade efetiva da PB da Alfafa para taxas de passagem de 2%/h (84,8% vs. 86,8%) e 5%/h (79,9% vs. 82,5%).Palavras-chave: bactérias láticas, bovinos, digestão, ensilagem, Medicago sativa Microbial Inoculation of Alfalfa for Silage on Ruminal and Total Digestibility in BovinesABSTRACT -Twelve non pregnant dry cows (640 kg LW) were assigned to a randomized block design, provided that the treatments were alfalfa haylage (60.0% DM and 19.5% CP) control or inoculated with Silobac ® product (Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus), with the objective to evaluate the effects of microbial inoculation of alfalfa silage on ruminal and total digestibility in bovines. Experimental diet was composing by 50% of alfalfa silage and 50% of concentrate as dry matter basis. The experimental period had duration of 21 days, the last ten was used for chromic oxide addition and the last five was used for feces sampling and nylon bags incubation. Inoculation of Alfalfa silage did not influence the total digestibility of DM (inoculated = 70.0% vs. control = 71.2%), CP (72.3% vs. 73.0%), EE (77.0% vs. 76.8%), NDF (61.2% vs. 55.9%), ADF (66.8% vs. 61.8%), GE (72.5% vs. 73.7%) or TDN (70.6% vs. 71.8%) of diet. Also, did not influence digestible DM intake (12.2 vs. 11.4 kg/anim./day or 1.7% vs. 1.8% LW) or TDN intake (12.4 vs. 11.4 kg/anim./day or 1.8% vs. 1.8% LW). However, inoculation decreased the effective degradability of alfalfa silage DM for passage rate of 2%/h (61.2% vs. 65.1%), 5%/h (54.1% vs. 58.6%) and 8%/h (50.0% vs. 54.4%), and effective degradability of alfalfa silage CP for passage rate of 2%/h (84.8% vs. 86.8%) and 5%/h (79.9% vs. 82.5%).