Background: Breast cancer in young women is one of the leading causes of cancer death in young women worldwide, including in Indonesia. Most patients come to the hospital at the advanced stage. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the standard treatment for locally advanced breast cancer. However, half of breast cancer patients had a negative response to therapy.   Methods: A retrospective cohort, analytic observational study to determine the association between NLR and anthracycline-based NAC clinical response in locally advanced young age breast cancer in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. Results: We analyze a total of 44 patients. 81.8% had stage IIIB, 93.2% >50 mm tumor size. Most of the cases had invasive ductal carcinoma type (86.4%), grade 3 (52.3%), and Luminal B HER2-negative type (34.1%). 52.3% of patients had a negative clinical response. The mean NLR was 3.07 ± 1.69, with a cut-off value of 2.805. There was no significant association between age, tumor size, histopathological type, grade, and subtype with neoadjuvant chemotherapy clinical response. There was a significant relationship between NLR with anthracycline-based NAC clinical response in locally advanced young age breast cancer (p < 0.001). Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between NLR with the anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy clinical response in young women with LABC.

Background: COVID-19 has remarkable impacts on all aspect of healthcare system. Many centres reported a decrease of emergency cases, and most of the elective cases is postponed. In this study we aimed to examine the demographic data, clinical profiles, and outcomes of subjects infected with COVID-19 in General Surgery Department. Methods: Seventy patients were admitted in General Surgery Department with confirmed-COVID-19 infection during May 1, 2020 – April 31, 2021. COVID-19 infection was diagnosed using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis. We collected patients’ data from the medical records. Results: Sixty-one patients (87.1%) were emergency cases. Thirty-two patients (45.7%) were treated operatively. The most prevalent cases were from digestive surgery (44.3%). Most of the patients contracted COVID-19 before the admission in the hospital (74.3%). We found that 43 patients had at least 1 comordity (61.4%) and 67 patients developed complications during treatment (95.7%). There was a significant association between the case of ARDS and the clinical outcome (P < 0.0001; OR = 45.000; 95% CI = 5.310–381.356). There was no significant association found between sex, age, comorbidity hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Comorbidity and complication was found to be highly prevalent in COVID-19 patients with poor outcome in General Surgery Department.