Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar os jogos realizados e preferidos nos recreios das escolas do 1º ciclo, fazendo a diferenciação entre género e ano de escolaridade. Foi aplicado um questionário em duas escolas do 1º ciclo do ensino básico do norte de Portugal. A amostra foi constituída por 317 alunos dos 4 anos de escolaridade, dos quais 167 são rapazes e 150 raparigas. Verificamos que os jogos de “correr” e “caçadinhas” são os que se realizam com mais frequência, mas os rapazes também gostam muito de “futebol” e as raparigas de “conversar”. O estudo confirma a pouca diversificação nos jogos realizados pelos alunos e, de acordo com os resultados, é necessário o enriquecimento das atividades lúdicas desenvolvidas pelas crianças utilizando novas intervenções lúdico-pedagógicas ou novos materiais no espaço de recreio.
El recreo escolar es uno de los momentos preferidos por el alumnado en la escuela, relacionándolo con placer, diversión, libertad y juego. El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar cuál es la importancia que el alumnado atribuye al recreo escolar, conocer los motivos de su (in)satisfacción y su percepción acerca de la duración del mismo. Para eso, se diseñó un estudio cualitativo-cuantitativo, con un enfoque transversal y descriptivo, en el que participaron 317 alumnos (167 niños y 150 niñas) de 1º, 2º, 3º y 4º año de escolaridad de dos centros educativos de primer ciclo de enseñanza básica de la ciudad de Braga (Portugal), con edades comprendidas entre los seis y los diez años. Para la recogida de datos se utilizó un cuestionario, grabaciones en video de los recreos y anotaciones reflejadas en el diario de campo. Los resultados muestran que al alumnado le gusta y disfruta plenamente del recreo escolar, por ser un momento de diversión, para jugar, descansar y compartir momentos con los amigos; asimismo, la mayoría de los participantes demostraron no estar satisfechos con la duración del recreo, un momento demasiado corto precisamente para disfrutar de él. Sería necesario repensar la cuantificación y distribución del tiempo de recreo para proporcionar al alumnado mejoras en su bienestar físico, social y emocional. Abstract. School recess is one of the favorite moments for students in schools, as they associate it with pleasure, fun, freedom, and play. The objective of this study was to verify the importance that students attribute to school recess, to understand the reasons for their (dis) satisfaction and their perception about its duration (time). To do this, a qualitative-quantitative study was designed, with a cross-sectional and descriptive approach, by which 317 students (167 boys and 150 girls) of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th year of the first cycle of basic education from two educational centers of the city of Braga (Portugal) participated, between six and ten years old. A questionnaire, video recordings of recesses, and annotations reflected in field diaries were used for data collection. The results show that students like and fully enjoy school recess, because it is a fun time, used to play, rest, and share moments with friends; likewise, most of the participants showed that they were not satisfied with the duration of the recess, considered too short for them to fully enjoy it. A rethinking of quantification and distribution of recreation time would be necessary so to provide students with improvements in their physical, social, and emotional well-being.
El recreo escolar es uno de los espacios más favorables para establecer ese complejo entramado de las relaciones sociales entre el alumnado, interacciones que sin duda marcarán su formación como personas. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar y analizar las interacciones entre pares, en cuanto a las variables de género y año de escolaridad, en los recreos de 1º ciclo en escuelas de enseñanza básica de la ciudad de Braga (Portugal). En un estudio mixto cualitativo-cuantitativo con un enfoque descriptivo, participan 228 alumnos (121 niños y 107 niñas) de 2º, 3º y 4º año de escolaridad, con edades comprendidas entre los siete y los diez años, siendo la media de edad 8,01±0.85. Se emplea el cuestionario como herramienta principal para la obtención de datos, y la grabación en video, para el análisis en diferido de la información proporcionada por el alumnado para buscar mayor fiabilidad y validez al contenido. Se constató que, por un lado, el alumnado participante en el estudio interacciona, durante el recreo, mayoritariamente con alumnado de su curso y del mismo género, destacando asimismo la importancia de los grupos mixtos y de mediano tamaño (3 a 5 amigos) en las formas de agrupamiento; y, por otro lado, que las niñas tienen una mayor tendencia a ser más inclusivas y cooperativas por su forma variada de interacción con alumnado de diferentes sexos, cursos y actividades.Abstract. School recess is one of the most favorable spaces to establish the complex studding of social relations between students, interactions that undoubtedly will mark their formation as persons. The aim of this study is to identify and to analyze the interactions between peers in terms of gender and year of schooling, during recess in 1st cycle in schools of basic education in the city of Braga (Portugal). A total of 228 students (121 children and 107 girls) from 2 º, 3 º and 4 º year of schooling, with ages between seven and ten years old, with an average age of 8,01±0.85, took part in a qualitative-quantitative study with a descriptive approach. Questionnaires were used as the principal tool for gathering the data, as well as video recording for the deferred analysis of information provided by students, so to seek greater reliability and validity of the content. On one hand, participants interact mostly with students of the same course and same gender during recess, highlighting the importance of mixed, medium-size groups (3 to 5 friends) in the forms of grouping; on the other hand, girls have a greater tendency to be more inclusive and cooperative due to their variety of interactions with students of different sexes, courses, and activities.
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