Based on experiences from a qualitative research project on immigrant women's English language acquisition, we critiqued the traditional positivist model, and identified a number of issues related to the engagement of translators/interpreters in feminist and community-based research. The issues that we identified amount to serious questions about ambiguities and ownership of translated language content; assumptions about community familiarity and cultural similarity between researchers, translators, and participants; negotiation of power and authority in the research process; and the risks faced by translators. In the end, though individual research team members bear responsibility over these shortcomings and need to strive to make our research practices more inclusive and equitable, the institutional context of research imposes severe limitations on the ideal alternative model of working with translators and interpreters as co-researchers.

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This paper contributes to the literature on the intersections of age, generation, immigrant status, and racialization. In particular, it will bring into the discussion: (1) the perspectives of victims and service providers on the causes of, barriers to, and alleviation of abuse of older adults; and (2) continuities and changes in the social meanings of age, including the intersectionalities between age and other social hierarchies, such as immigrant status and membership in a racialized group. Using data obtained from a study consisting of interviews of service providers, and older adult abuse victims in the Toronto Punjabi and Tamil communities, this paper seeks to answer questions regarding the causes of family violence, barriers to obtaining services, and proposed solutions. The main themes arising from the respondents’ views fall within structural and cultural categories, with language barriers, the role of culture, and stigmatization among others emerging as key factors. Importantly, the data suggests that there exists a disconnect between victims and service providers, with the majority of victims supporting an anti-racist approach, while the majority of service providers fall within the multicultural model. This study suggests that the problem of abuse of older adults is compounded by deficient service provision and government policy. The recommended solution is to reach beyond culturally and linguistically specific services toward full engagement with immigrant communities, to prevent further harm toward older immigrant adults. Cet article contribue à la recherche menée aux points de croisement de l’âge, de la génération, du statut d’immigré et de la racialisation. Il enrichit particulièrement le débat portant sur : 1) les perspectives des victimes et des fournisseurs de services sur ce qui cause, entrave ou réduit les abus envers les personnes âgées, et 2) la continuité et les changements au sens social de la vieillesse, y inclus les intersectionalités entre l’âge et d’autres hiérarchies sociales, telles que le statut d’immigré ou l’appartenance à un groupe racialisé. Nous nous fondons sur les données recueillies dans une étude menée à partir d’entrevues avec des prestataires de services et des aînés victimes d’abus dans les communautés punjabies et tamiles de Toronto, pour tenter ici de répondre aux questions sur les causes de la violence familiale, les obstacles à l’obtention de services et les solutions proposées. Les principaux thèmes soulevés du point de vue des répondants tombent dans des catégories structurelles et culturelles, dont les facteurs clés qui émergent parmi d’autres sont la barrière de la langue, le rôle de la culture et la stigmatisation. Il est important de souligner que les données indiquent un fossé entre les victimes et les pourvoyeurs de services, la majorité des unes supportant une approche antiraciste, alors que les autres s’inscrivent en majorité dans le modèle multiculturel. Cette étude donne à penser que le problème de l’abus de personnes âgées est aggravé par une offre de services et une politique gouvernementale déficientes. La solution recommandée est d’aller au-delà de services spécifiquement culturels et linguistiques pour s’engager totalement auprès des communautés immigrées afin d’éviter que les torts envers leurs aînés continuent.

L'efficacité organisationnelle des mouvements de la femme au Canada et en Finlande est explorée, en mettant l'accent sur l'élaboration de politiques sur la garde des enfants (1960–1990) et en tenant compte des contraintes structurelles qui sont particu‐lieres a chaque pays. Les résultats de l'efficacité des organismes féministes et axés sur la femme sont etudiés sur trois plans (programmes, mobilisation et culture). Les organismes feminins de Finlande ont été plus efficaces sur les trois plans, tandis que les organismes féminins du Canada ont obtenu des résultats sur le plan culturel mais demeurent limités sur les deux autres plans. Le succès plus considérable dans l'atteinte des objectifs des femmes finlandaises résulte de leur position politique privilégiée ainsi que de leur plus grande aptitude à créer des alliances avec des organismes extérieurs et, plus important encore, avec d'autres organismes féminins. The organizational effectiveness of women's movements in Canada and Finland is explored, with a focus on child‐care policy development (1960–1990), and with consideration of country‐specific structural constraints. Three effectiveness outcomes (program, mobilization and cultural) of feminist and woman‐centred organizations are examined. Finnish women's organizations have been more effective in all three dimensions, whereas Canadian women's organizations have produced cultural outcomes but remain limited in the other two dimensions. Finnish women's superior goal attainment is a result of their political insider position and their greater ability to create alliances with outside organizations and, more importantly, among women's organizations.

Canada's population of immigrant youth between the ages of 15 and 35 is approaching 3 million and growing rapidly. Youth are critical to Canada's goal of recruiting immigrants to expand the economy, but there is insufficient information about their school and work experiences and inadequate support to ensure their successful integration into the workforce. This literature review investigates the connection between education and work for Canadian immigrant youth. It documents obstacles in the form of underfunded settlement services, lack of diversity in the school curriculum, inadequate English-language instruction at all levels of schooling, racially and ethnically biased streaming of students into the lowest educational track in high school, rejection of foreign school transcripts and work credentials, employers' prejudice and discrimination, and workplace exploitation. The number and magnitude of these systemic impediments create significant obstacles for immigrant youth. A major cause of these issues is insufficient funding for immigrant services under neoliberal economic policies. The outcomes for immigrant youth include failure to finish secondary and postsecondary education, a long-term cycle of employment in low-skill, low-wage jobs, and socioeconomic hardship such as poverty and homelessness. The authors call for greater attention to this critical population and make nine recommendations that would contribute to solutions in each major issue area impacting the education of Canadian immigrant youth and their entry into the workforce.Leslie Nichols is a Faculty Researcher at Georgian College. She has a PhD in policy studies and specializes in labour and women's studies. She has conducted mixed-method studies of marginalized groups in the Canadian workforce, women's time poverty, newcomer settlement, and Canadian immigration policy. Belinda Ha is a PhD candidate at Ryerson University. Her current research examines the private sponsorship of refugees in Canada. Vappu Tyyskä is Professor Emerita of Sociology at Ryerson University with affiliations in the MA Program in Immigration and Settlement Studies and PhD in Policy Studies.