No abstract

No abstract

Mild intestinal handling is capable of inducing oxidative stress in enterocytes; this could be one of the mechanisms by which intestinal mucosal alterations occur during surgical stress.

Background Altered renal function is an essential component of the pathophysiological process in pre-eclampsia. Kidneys play an important role in the turnover of low molecular weight substances such as creatinine, uric acid and cystatin C. The present study was undertaken if these serum markers were characteristically altered in Indian pregnant women. Methods Serum levels were therefore determined in samples from 69 healthy women at term as well as in 27 samples of patients with Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and in 20 patients with pre-eclampsia (PE). Results The levels of all three components were significantly higher in pre-eclamptic patients when compared to healthy controls with the mean ± SD being 1.47 ± 0.9 vs. 1.06 ± 0.2 for cystatin C, 0.95 ± 0.2 vs. 0.67 ± 0.1 for creatinine and 6.13 ± 1.8 vs. 4.28 ±1.1 for uric acid respectively. In PIH cystatin C was significantly higher, 1.25 ± 0.9 unlike creatinine, 0.67 ± 0.14 and uric acid, 4.30 ± 1.0. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plots demonstrated that the diagnostic accuracy of serum creatinine was superior to serum uric acid and serum cystatin C and serum uric acid was better than serum cystatin C. Conclusion The maternal serum cystatin C, creatinine and uric acid were all significantly elevated at the end of pregnancy in pre-eclampsia compared to those of healthy pregnant women. If this rise in the above markers during early pregnancy could predict the onset of PIH/PE, needs to be investigated.

BACKGROUND:-There is evidence that ART is associated with lipodystrophy syndrome, a disturbance of lipid metabolism characterised by insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, and fat maldistribution, metabolic bone disease (osteopenia and/or osteoporosis), and lactic acidosis. ART- associated dyslipidaemia is characterized by elevated serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein 2(LDL-c), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and Apo lipoprotein B (apoB) and low levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL-c) constituting an atherogenic lipid 1 prole . In this study 143 young patients who were attending the Antiretroviral Therapy PlusMATERIAL AND METHODS:- Centre & Medicine Wards, ACSR GMC NELLORE were included randomly. 5mlSample preparation and Biochemical assay :- of venous blood sample was collected by venipuncture from 12 hours overnight fast and centrifuged at 3000 cycles per minute and serum was separated for lipid prole measurement within one hour of blood collection. The serum levels of TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL and TG were measured using AU480 BECKMANS random access fully automated auto analyzer at Biochemistry laboratory, ACSR GMC, NELLORE. TC, LDL and TC/HDL lipid proles are signicant. F-Signicant values areRESULTS;- <0.05, reject null hypothesis. It means that the difference among the lipid proles of TC, LDL and TC/HDL in the study group is statistically signicant with respect to regimen groups. HDL, TG and VLDL lipid proles are not signicant. F-Signicant values are >0.05, no evidence to reject null hypothesis. It means that the no signicant difference among the lipid proles of HDL, TG, and VLDL in the study group is not statistically signicant with respect to regimen groups. SignicantCONCLUSIONS:- metabolic and morphological alterations occur in HIV infected patients especially in patients on HAART. The patients on HAART had an elevated Castelli Index I, indicating an increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in this population. There is need to assess lipid proles at baseline before initiation of HAART treatment and lipid prole monitoring during therapy to monitor any rising trends. New medications with more lipid friendly proles within existing drugs such as darunavir (PI), etravirine (NNRTI), new classes of drugs such as integrase inhibitors (raltegravir) and CCR5 inhibitors (maraviroc) can be used to avoid dyslipidaemia.