Industry 4.0 emphasizes developing an innovative approach to eliminating the problems caused by environmental and shop floor waste, which is accomplished by a suitable process optimization approach. The process optimization approach is used to maximize productivity within limited constraints by observing end-to-end management systems. The present research work developed an innovative agile model using the lean, smart, and green approach to improve operational performance within limited constraints in Industry 4.0. The proposed model was developed by thoroughly reviewing research articles conducted over the past decades on process optimization approaches that include lean manufacturing, smart manufacturing, kaizen, and lean six sigma. The model was validated through two real production case studies in the mining machinery and automobile industries. The present article concluded that overall operational performance was enhanced in both case studies by improvement in different factors, including working environment, worker efficiency, environmental evolution, logistics management, and resources utilization. The authors of the present article strongly believe that the proposed innovative agile model would help people in industry make aesthetic and smart sustainable production systems in Industry 4.0 within limited constraints.

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The production management system in Industry 4.0 is emphasizes the improvement of productivity within limited constraints by sustainable production planning models. To accomplish this, several approaches are used which include lean manufacturing, kaizen, smart manufacturing, flexible manufacturing systems, cyber–physical systems, artificial intelligence, and the industrial Internet of Things in the present scenario. These approaches are used for operations management in industries, and specifically productivity maximization with cleaner shop floor environmental management, and issues such as worker safety and product quality. The present research aimed to develop a methodology for cleaner production management using lean and smart manufacturing in industry 4.0. The developed methodology would able to enhance productivity within restricted resources in the production system. The developed methodology was validated by production enhancement achieved in two case study investigations within the automobile manufacturing industry and a mining machinery assembly unit. The results reveal that the developed methodology could provide a sustainable production system and problem-solving that are key to controlling production shop floor management in the context of industry 4.0. It is also capable of enhancing the productivity level within limited constraints. The novelty of the present research lies in the fact that this type of methodology, which has been developed for the first time, helps the industry individual to enhance production in Industry 4.0 within confined assets by the elimination of several problems encountered in shop floor management. Therefore, the authors of the present study strongly believe that the developed methodology would be beneficial for industry individuals to enhance shop floor management within constraints in industry 4.0.

An experiment was carried out during two subsequent years, i.e., 2009-10 and 2010-11 to study the influence of Azotobacter, vermicompost on growth, flowering, yield and quality of strawberry cv. Chandler. There were nine treatments comprising two levels each of Azotobacter (6 and 7 kg/ha) and vermicompost (20 and 30 t/ ha) and their combinations along with one control, replicated thrice in randomized block design. Five kg of FYM was applied as a basal dose in all the treatments including control. All the doses of Azotobacter and vermicompost were applied at the time of planting in the field. The data of both the years of experiment were pooled and analyzed. The combined application of Azotobacter at 7 kg/ha + vermicompost at 30 t/ha significantly increased the height of plant (18.70 cm), number of leaves (61.60), crowns (6.77) and runners (4.83) per plant, whereas, maximum number of flowers (56.69), fruits set (25.87) per plant with increased duration of harvesting (66.80 days) and minimum number of days taken to produce first flower (55.17 days) and fruit set (6.19 days) with significantly more yield (322.38 g/plant) were observed with Azotobacter at 6 kg/ha + vermicompost at 30 t/ha applied plants. Plants fertilized with Azotobacter at 6 kg/ha + vermicompost at 30 t/ha also produced the berries with maximum length (4.76 cm), width (2.49 cm), weight (8.75 g), volume (5.97 cc), TSS (9.80 0 Brix), total sugars (9.23%), ascorbic acid (54.72 mg/100 g edible portion) with minimum titratable acidity (0.50%) in comparison to other treatments under plains of central Uttar Pradesh.

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