Abstract. The nexus between globalization and tourism has been established whereas postmodernism imprints features on the current and future society. Seen as a result of revolutions (technological, behavioural, philosophical, economic)

User-generated content (UGC) is a powerful tool used to attract tourists to a destination and to market certain tourism products and services. Reviews of hotels and other tourism accommodation rentals are increasingly used by travelers to select their accommodation, thus, facilitating independent travel planning. This study is attempting to understand and compare the factors that contribute to customer satisfaction for hotel and Airbnb apartment guests in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. We employed reviews published by users on booking.com (for hotel customers) and on the Airbnb platform between May and November 2018 and quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed them using QDA Miner and Wordstat to understand the main attributes associated with guest satisfaction. The study revealed that the two lists of attributes that determine guest satisfaction are, to a great extent, similar. This means that guests have the same criteria in mind when evaluating their hotel and Airbnb stay. However, two attributes were found to be important only to Airbnb guests ("good communication" and "easy check-in/out") and three to hotel guests ("good breakfast", "nice view" and "parking"). The findings have a number of theoretical and managerial implications which are discussed at the end of the paper.

Sustainable urban mobility and road safety have been both a challenge and a priority at the European level for two decades now. Urban road traffic crashes are some of the most difficult issues to tackle by the local administrative planning and development authorities in Europe. The aim of this study was to enhance the focus on urban road safety by providing an illustrative spatial and temporal overview on the road crashes occurred in the cities and towns of Romania and their effects on the people involved. Data related to urban road crashes for a 12-year reference period from 2008 to 2019 were used. Results showed no significant difference in the number of road traffic crashes in 2019 compared to 2008. However, the impact on the people involved show a decrease in severity, the number of road crashes deaths in 2019 being halved compared to 2008. We note a redistribution in the occurrence of these events at the city level, for the period 2008-2019, whilst the most affected are the cities of rank 1 and 2. All rank 1 cities in Romania were detected as hotspots with a high concentration of road traffic crashes and casualties, designated as low-safety road traffic urban poles. We argued in favour of customized and relevant strategies for sustainable and safe urban transport in accordance with the particular features of the cities and towns in Romania, given the varied severity degree of the phenomenon and the specific features of road infrastructure and road traffic.

Road crashes have become a serious issue, and their negative impact, both socially and economically, has been subject to policies and programmes worldwide as well as a research topic for numerous studies in various fields. The present study aims to identify and demonstrate the persistence of certain features related to the occurrence and location of road crashes in Cluj County, Romania, which is a territory recording a constant high road crash incidence in the last decade. We used descriptive statistics to illustrate the key features of road crashes occurring in urban and rural areas, by road type, within the administrative territory of Cluj County, Romania. The analysis was focused on four main aspects: causes, effects in terms of persons injured and deaths, occurrence by road type, and location within and outside urban areas. The years 2019, 2009, and 2018 were considered as reference moments for the values recorded for all indicators in the analysis. Results showed a general trend of decrease in road crash incidence in 2019 compared to 2009, which was also confirmed by the absolute and relative increase in the period 2018-2019. The most significant decrease was found in the number of deaths, especially in the case of road cras h e soccurring on national roads and urban streets, where the incidence is still quite high. However, when ranked considering the number of crashes caused, we noted the persistence of certain categories of triggering factors for the high incidence of road crashes related to both drivers and pedestrians. Road safety is very much related to the behaviour of all participants in traffic and not so much to the road infrastructure and quality, although road capacity may be a triggering factor for drivers’ behaviour. Further measures are needed to enhance road safety and meet the European target of halving the road crash number and fatalities until 2020 and in the next decade.

Regardless of the aim, all man-made actions within a given space and using the available resources have a positive or negative impact on the anthropogenic and natural environment, both individually and in relation to one another. To a certain extent, spatial planning regulations and policies aim to regulate the amplitude of this impact and diminish the prospective positive and negative externalities. A categorisation of externalities was proposed in relation to spatial planning and spatial policy, real estate management, natural, environmental and agricultural conditions, and technical infrastructure. The assessment of particular externalities was based on integrated governance consisting of partial governance frameworks: economic governance, institutional and political governance, spatial governance, social governance, and environmental governance. The Delphi method was employed to evaluate externalities, by putting together a team of 12 spatial management experts. The methodological assumptions required adopting a definition of externalities and their features. Also, an in-depth analysis was conducted on the relationships and effects of activities carried out by entities operating in specific conditions and within the framework of social, economic and spatial policies. We considered the necessary assumptions aimed to explicitly define positive and negative externalities in spatial management, which was a difficult undertaking because of the particularities of cost-related and external benefits. A comprehensive list was created, relevant to the adopted classification of externalities. The conclusions provide recommendations for sectoral policies and advance further research directions.