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Plasma cell dyscrasias are a wide range of severe monoclonal gammopathies caused by pre-malignant or malignant plasma cells that over-secrete an abnormal monoclonal antibody. These disorders are associated with various systemic findings, including ophthalmological disorders. A search of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Cochrane databases was performed in March 2021 to examine evidence pertaining to ocular complications in patients diagnosed with plasma cell dyscrasias. This review outlines the ocular complications associated with smoldering multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, plasmacytomas, multiple myeloma, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, systemic amyloidosis, Polyneuropathy, Organomegaly, Endocrinopathy, Monoclonal gammopathy and Skin changes (POEMS) syndrome, and cryoglobulinemia. Although, the pathological mechanisms are not completely elucidated yet, wide-ranging ocular presentations have been identified over the years, evolving both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Moreover, the presenting symptoms also help in early diagnosis in asymptomatic patients. Therefore, it is imperative for the treating ophthalmologist and oncologist to maintain a high clinical suspicion for identifying the ophthalmological signs and diagnosing the underlying disease, preventing its progression through efficacious treatment strategies.

Background: The prevalence of recalcitrant tinea is increasing despite available treatment options. Itraconazole and terbinane are the most commonly prescribed agents for tinea. The relative efcacy of both the drugs is under focus and no standard guidelines exist for the recalcitrant tinea. Objective:To compare their relative efcacy and safety of itraconazole and terbinane in recalcitrant tinea cruris patients. Methods: A prospective, randomized, open label study recruited 100 recalcitrant tinea cruris patients of 18-65 years age at dermatology OPD at GNDH hospital, Amritsar, India after obtaining Institutional Ethics Committee approval. Patients who consented for study and follow up were included. Impaired hepatic/ renal function, secondary bacterial infections or deep mycoses patients were excluded. After randomization, group Acomprised of 50 patients who were put on capsule itraconazole 100 mg BD and group B of 50 patients on tablet terbinane 250 mg OD for eight weeks. The treatment response was assessed as Complete cure, Treatment failure based on clinical (PGAScore) and mycological (KOH Smear) prole. Results: Itraconazole resulted in complete cure in 28 patients whereas terbinane cured 14 patients completely (p <0.05). Treatment failure were observed as 1 and 8 (itraconazole and terbinane respectively, p < 0.05). Both drugs had comparable safety prole with no serious adverse effects. Limitations of the study were short duration, small sample size and non-blinding. Conclusion:Itraconazole seems relatively more efcacious than terbinane in the treatment recalcitrant tinea cruris cases

Aim Preschool is the time when deleterious oral habits, caries pattern, and risk factor are established and is the time to intervene and establish healthy trends which can have a lifelong influence. Individuals living in various socioeconomic conditions have an assortment of hazard factors that impact oral well-being. This work was conducted to study the prevalence of dental caries, body mass index (BMI), and socioeconomic status (SES) among preschoolers in private preschools and Anganwadi centers within Bengaluru. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Anganwadis and preschools in Bengaluru city. About 800 students were selected by stratified cluster sampling technique. Written informed consent was obtained before the start of the study. Study proforma was used for the recording of sociodemographic details, anthropometric measurements, decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft), and decayed, missing and filled surfaces (dmfs) index scoring. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22.0. Results The mean dmf (t) score in Anganwadi children was 1.60, whereas in private preschool children mean dmf (t) was 1.16. The mean dmf (s) score in Anganwadi children was 3.05, whereas in private preschool children mean dmf (s) was 1.76. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups with respect to dmf (s) score ( p = 0.01). Conclusion It was found that there is an association between dental caries, BMI, and SES among Anganwadi children when a linear correlation was done. Clinical significance Dental caries can cause serious physical and mental problems in children which affects their quality of life. These problems have their root cause from childhood and are related to their BMI and SES. This can be prevented by giving proper health education and dietary advice to parents. How to cite this article Sukumaran N, Sharma V, Bhat PK. Dental Caries, Body Mass Index, and Socioeconomic Status among Preschoolers in Private Preschools and Anganwadi Centers in Bengaluru City: A Comparative Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(6):630–634.