Purpose. To determine and evaluate technogenic risks within the water purification systems of TSs and TPSs during normal operation in terms of electrocoagulation plant. Methodology. It is proposed to apply a fault tree method for the analysis of various operation failures of water purification facilities in the heat power industry. Additional analysis method, applied at stages one and two of technogenic risk determination, is suggested for its use. The method is based upon the construction of matrix combining states of the system elements. Findings. The aggregation of the combination matrix and fault tree method makes it possible to derive a new grapho-analytical procedure to analyse probabilities of technogenic risk initiation in the context of any water purification system operation both at the stage of its design and at the stage of its work. Originality. Non-routine operation of a water purification system may depend upon certain internal reasons as well the external ones. The reasons pose risks to a situation that at the output of the system, water will turn out being insufficiently purified. It has been identified that in terms of the non-routine operation of water purification system, risk probability is worth analysing with the help of the fault tree serving as graphical representation of causal relationships obtained while considering dangerous situations in reverse order to determine probabilities for their initiation. Practical value. The procedure helps obtain quantitative, qualitative, and causal-consequential indicatorsfacilitating control of technogenic risk initiation in water purification systems. Software has been developed to calculate rapidly the probabilities of running of block elements or water purification system elements in an operation mode or in a failure mode, and see clearly the poorest combinations in terms of an electrocoagulation water purification system.

Формування компетентностей, пов’язаних із безпекою, є складним завданням. На відміну від компетентностей, які не пов’язані з безпекою, ці компетентності важко сформувати повною мірою, щоб забезпечити безпеку для здобувачів освіти та оточуючих. У статті подано матриці небезпеки професійної діяльності та можливості створення ризиків, які допомагають визначити необхідність і вид оптимальної технології навчання. Проведено аналіз та обґрунтування доцільності та ефективності застосування симуляційних технологій для формування компетентностей, пов’язаних із забезпеченням безпеки самої особи, її найближчого оточення та інших людей, безпека яких залежить від прийняття рішень оператором чи керівником. Aналіз показав, що застосування симуляційних технологій дозволяє створити умови для формування необхідних компетентностей без підвищеного ризику для здобувачів та оточуючих. Однією з найбільш перспективних технологій для формування компетентностей, пов’язаних з безпекою, автор уважає застосування віртуальної реальності. Ця технологія забезпечує безпеку здобувача та одночасно дозволяє практично сформувати необхідні компетентності на необхідному рівні.

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of five model curricula of the integrated course "health, safety and well-being" for grades 5-6 for schools of general secondary education of different groups of authors. These programs were recommended in 2021 by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. The expediency of conducting a study of model programs is due to the need for teachers to freely choose one basic model program, which will become the basis for writing the curriculum of an school. The article presents selected research results, which include a comparative analysis of the volume and structure of model programs. The presented results include an analysis of the features of the programs, a comparison of the content of the main part, namely, the proposed topics, types of learning activities and expected learning outcomes. The presented results cover only issues related to transport safety in programs, as an example of one aspect of a general study that includes a comparison of all relevant topics that are provided for by the State Standard. The presented research results allow us to reasonably and balancedly choose a model program that will best fit the characteristics of the educational institution, including internal and external social, natural and man-made factors. In addition, the presented analysis allows you to get acquainted with the interesting proposals of various authors' teams on topics and types of educational activities that can be used to write your own program and its implementation.

The main ideas of the publication of the analysis of additions and changes in the program of the "Basics of Health" subject for grades 6-9 were the identification of key changes to the programs and the determination of the prospects for their changes in the next 2023/2024 academic year. Changes and additions to the program of the subject "Basics of health" were made in 2022 in connection with Russian aggression. Most of the changes and additions are aimed at the formation of competences that allow to reduce the risks of military operations, to preserve life and health in the occupied, liberated and controlled territories of Ukraine. The peculiarity of the changes in the program is that they concern the same topics in each of the classes. This is justified and necessary from the point of view that these competencies must be mastered by students of all age groups as quickly as possible. This circumstance will require a significant revision of the added changes in 2023 in order to avoid unjustified repetitions and for the spiral deployment of knowledge and the complexity of the material in accordance with the age. The presented research results, in addition to the theoretical ones, pursue several practical problems. First of all, the content that must be added to the integrated course "Health, safety and well-being" for the 5th grade, and in the 2023/2024 academic year to the topics of the 6th grade, is highlighted. Analysis and comparison of additions to the program in each grade will enable teachers of the "Basics of Health" subject to plan the topic and its features in grades 6-9. The information presented in the presented study for teachers of the subject "Defense of Ukraine" is important, due to the fact that the topic of protection from military dangers is considered in this subject. The presented analysis may be of interest to the authors during the development of model programs of the integrated course "Health, safety and well-being" for grades 7, 8, 9.