Highlights Long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein or low-protein coding transcripts. LncRNAs contain more than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs are associated with disease pathogenicity including the neurological disorders. LncRNAs mediate pathogenesis by decoy, scaffold, mi-RNA sequestrator, histone modifiers and in transcriptional interference. LncRNAs can serve as novel biomarkers for therapeutic aspects.