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BackgroundThe goal of this research was to determine the frequency of clinical inertia of general practice physicians in the region of Central Bosnia in healthcare for type 2 diabetes patients, to analyze characteristics of patients and physicians, as well as glucose regulation during clinical inertia, and, on the basis of these indicators, give recommendations for reducing clinical inertia.Material/MethodsThis study included 29 doctors, family physicians, or general practitioners, who collected data in a total sample of 541 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from July to November 2017. The research was conducted using 2 questionnaires. The glucose concentration in plasma and the percentage of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were determined. Concertation of cholesterol, triglycerides, AST, and ALT were also measured. After the collection, new data were processed and the degree of clinical inertia was determined.ResultLevels of HbA1c ranged from 4.3% to 13.0%, and 38.4% of all patients had HbA1c level higher than 7.5%, while 8.3% of them had HbA1c level 9.0% or higher. Clinical inertia in our research was 12.6% out of all patients and 48.2% were referred to a specialist by their doctor.ConclusionsFor better regulation of glycemia and reduction of clinical inertia with type 2 diabetes patients, more specialized training is needed for selected physicians. Strengthening of primary healthcare and encouraging doctors to perform procedures can contribute to better outcomes of treatment, lower clinical inertia, and better education of patients.

Background: The goal of this paper is to explore clinical characteristics and lifestyle habits in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their association with poor glycemic control. Material and Methods: Total of 541 subjects of over 40 years of age with type 2 diabetes mellitus of both genders were included in the study. Anthropometric measurement, glucose level in plasma, HbA1c, triglycerides, AST, ALT, creatinine and eGFR were collected at the time of study entry and patients were asked to fill out the questionnaire on lifestyle habits. Results: Patients with elevated triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels, alcohol consumers and smokers were more likely to have poorly controlled glycaemia. Conclusions: Our study showed a significant impact of patient characteristics to poor glycemic control. Physician activities to reduce cholesterol, triglyceride levels and improve lifestyle habits in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus will result in better glycemic control.

Introduction: Insufficient physical activity is one of the leading public health problems in the world, but also in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Modern civilization is characterized by a significant decrease in physical activity, and the number of people whose lifestyle can be called sedentary has never been higher, which is especially emphasised among children and adolescents. Aim of the study is to examine public health significance of physical activity on the occurrence and the degree of obesity in children and adolescents in primary and secondary schools and to determine the applicability of the Fels questionnaire on physical activity of children in rural areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods: We used a transversal research method of a cross-sectional study at a one-time point, and for obtaining results we used the Fels physical activity questionnaire for children and measurement protocol. Results: 276 primary and secondary school students in two cities participated in this survey. Respondents in Busovača are more physically active than their peers in Sarajevo. One-third of the total number of respondents is overweight and obese, and respondents in Sarajevo are significantly more nourished than their peers in Busovača. The Fels questionnaire is conditionally applicable, especially in rural areas. Conclusion: This study confirmed that the Fels questionnaire for assessing the level of physical activity for children and young people, which is the general instrument for research of physical activity in children, is too generalized because it is based on a homogeneous urban population.

Introduction: Conflicts are a social phenomenon and occur in all organizations where people work. So, they are inevitable even among nurses, because the work they do is very responsible and stressful. Conflicts of a personal nature are not uncommon, and they are produced by intimacy in the workplace.Methodology: The study was conducted among 146 nurses employed at the Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo. The study is descriptive, analytical andcomparative. The original author’s questionnaire created on the basis of professional and scientific literature was used as a study instrument. The goal of thestudyisto determine if the conflict situations in nursing clinical practice are related to the dissatisfaction of nurses with working conditions, lack of motivational techniques, poor communication in the team and superior-subordinate relations.Results: Most respondents state that conflict situations are short-lived and do not affect work. Respondents pointed out that the most commoncauses of conflict are poorcommunicationand personal contempt of colleagues (71 or 48.6%), violations of labor regulations and non-performance of work obligations (68 or 46.6%), differences in education (39 or 26.7%), etc. The most common manner that nurses use to resolve conflicts is to exchange information in order to reach a joint decision, to negotiate and seek compromises.Conclusions: Conflicts are manifested in the form of negative emotions, so in this regard, they can have significant negative consequences, and contribute less toimprovement or have a positive effect on the work environment. Communication conflicts between nurses are detrimental to teamwork - negative confrontation between two sides, often revealing anger, not talking for a longer period, or personally standing out at the expense of the other side.