Purpose:Guggulu Kalpana enjoys a coveted position in the arena of Ayurvedic therapeutics. Guggulu Kalpana is widely used in Charak Samhita & Sushruta Samhita and its notable collection is described in Ashtanga Sangraha. Out of laghu trayi, Sharangadhara Samhita has described Guggulu kalpas at length. Though its present form is closely related to Guti Vati Kalpana, it has not been the case always. Present study was attempted to track these transitions in Guggulu Kalpana during period of Brihat Trayi and Laghu Trayi and propose the importance of this journey in the view of current Ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics.Method:A comprehensive review of Brihat Trayi and Laghu Trayi was done. Opinions of their critics as well as contemporaries were also taken into consideration. These views were collated on the basis of current trends and researches in Guggulu Kalpana.Result:Amongst other categories, main usage of Guggulu Kalpana was seen in form of Kwatha and Guti Vati Kalpana. Though used in great deal, Brihat Trayi doesn’t describe Guggulu in every respect. Different point of view regarding preparation of Guggulu Kalpana was observed in all these treatises. Various functional limitations and constant improvisations seemed to have shaped the Guggulu Kalpana in its today's form.Conclusion:Current status of Ayurvedic pharmaceutics in general and Guggulu Kalpana in particular, is greatly influenced by Sharangadhara Samhita. It mainly shows use of Guggulu in GutiVati form. The Brihat Trayi treatises, however display its use in Conjunction of Kwatha Kalpana chiefly. This paradigm shift in the pharmaceutics of Guggulu Kalpana highlights the buoyant and pliant nature of Ayurveda. The difference in choice of kalpana is explained on the basis of soluble alkaloid content and insoluble resinous gum content of Guggulu. Thus, this study is helpful to understand the progression of Ayurvedic therapeutics and prospective avenues for its advancement.

Avaleha Kalpana was first described by Acharya Charak & it was widely used as rejuvenator by Acharya Charak, Vagbhat and Sushrut. It is most popular due to its dosage form, which helps in easy administration; palatability and long shelf life. As this formulation is licked so it is termed as Leha. The oral trans-mucosal route has significant potential for drug delivery both systemically and locally. Avaleha can be called as a food or part of the food that provides medical or health benefits including prevention and treatment of disease.

Purpose:In this research work, an effort was made to observe effects of Samanya Shodhanottara Vishesha Shodhana and only Vishesha Shodhana upon Tamra.Method:Methods described in Rasatangini were followed to perform Samanya as well as Vishesha Shodhana. The study was carried out in two parts. In first part, actual process of Shodhana by various methods was performed and six samples were prepared. In second part, analysis of Ashodhita and Shodhita Taamra (Samanya Shodhanottara Vishesha Shodhit as well as only Vishesh Shodhita) was carried out. For this purpose, following parameters of analysis were considered- Change in physical characteristics of copper foils pre and post Shodhana, Change in weight of copper foils pre and post Shodhana, Pattern of XRPD for each sample, Percentage of copper in each sample by ICP AES, Change in electrical conductivity of each sample.Result:After Samanya Shodhana, the previous shine of copper was totally lost and it had crumpled appearance. Overall, Changes in tenacity of metal were also observed. The hardness went on decreasing and brittleness went on increasing. Steady fall in weight of Tamra was observed after each Shodhana. The XRPD samples of all the samples of Shodhita Tamra showed presence of copper and copper oxides in them. However, the peak positions and intensities of them were varying. There was marked decline in electrical conductivity post Shodhana.Conclusion:It appeared from this study that Vishesha Shodhana of metals if preceded by their Samanya Shodhana produces better results. This time tested exercise certainly brings about significant changes in metallic properties of metals. Performing only Vishesha Shodhana or only Samanya Shodhana is not adequate.