Abdominal trauma, both blunt and sharp, is a major public problem and constitutes one of the serious and major surgical emergencies for surgeons worldwide. Frequently, more obvious multiple injuries to head, thorax and extremities may mask the blunt abdominal trauma. A better understanding of the etiology and pattern of such injuries can help to improve the management and outcome of these patients. Blunt trauma abdomen is more common in males in age group of 21-30 years and majority of injuries are due to road traffic accidents. Solid organs of upper abdomen such as spleen and liver are primarily injuried in blunt trauma abdomen. In penetrating injuries small intestine is most frequently injuried. About 15% of all pelvic fractures are associated with concomitant bladder and urethral injuries. A direct blow to lower abdomen may result in bladder disruption; mainly intra peritoneal. This study was done to determine the incidence of trauma abdomen and its various parameters like age, sex, mode of injury, its radiological findings and detail of visceral injuries and patients' outcome.

Small bowel diverticulosis represents an uncommon pathology that is often misdiagnosed, since it causes non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms. It is defined by the existence of multiple diverticula, which are located most frequently in the jejunum. Acquired and congenital diverticula of the jejunum in the adult are unusual entity. These lesions are usually asymptomatic and may produce chronic symptoms. It is because of the rarity of the entity that they often produce a diagnostic as well as therapeutic dilemma resulting in unnecessary morbidity and mortality. This is a report on a case presented to emergency with features suggestive of perforation peritonitis with incidental finding of multiple small gut diverticula.

Introduction: Trauma has been the leading cause of mortality and morbidity. However, there are changes in pattern of trauma and their outcomes with time. Aim: To study the mode and nature of injury and mortality associated with trauma of head, chest and abdomen. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 1000 individuals that presented to emergency surgery ward from 2014 to 2019. Patients presented to emergency surgery of Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India were observed for various characteristics i.e., age group, mode of injury, site of injury, outcomes and management. Results: The mean age of patients was 33.91±16.29 years with significant male predominance (n=794, 79.4%) (p-value 0.00001). Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs) were the most common mode of trauma affecting 490 patients (49%). Head injury was the most common of all injuries (n=834). Overall mortality was 3.6% (n=36). Mortality was higher in males (p-value 0.00933) and mortality rate of 25% was seen in age group of 61-70 years. Conclusion: RTIs followed by assaults are the most common cause of trauma and it significantly affects young male population. However, mortality rate increases with increase in age group with higher rates in older age groups.

Background: Evaluation of the emergency department(ED) patient with acute abdomen is sometimes difficult. Various factors can obscure the presentation, delaying or preventing the correct diagnosis, with subsequent adverse patient outcomes. Clinicians must consider multiple diagnoses, especially those life-threatening conditions that require timely intervention to limit morbidity and mortality. The term acute abdomen is constantly applied to such cases that signify the urgent need for prompt diagnosis and active treatment. Objective: This study is designed to examine the present state of diagnosis and management of acute abdomen and to develop evidence based guidelines for the diagnostic pathway and management of acute abdomen. Result: Our study showed that acute cholecystitis was the most common cause (29%) in patients presenting with acute abdomen followed by perforation peritonitis (25%). Pain and vomiting (49%) was the most common complaint followed by distension (44%). Ultrasound is the most sensitive and most commonly used diagnostic aid in acute abdomen. Majority of patients(73%) required surgical intervention. Conclusion: Abdominal pain is a common presenting complaint in the ED and clinicians must consider multiple diagnoses, especially in those cases that require immediate intervention in order to limit morbidity and mortality.

An 8-year-old boy presented at a peripheral hospital with a 10-day history of upper abdominal pain, vomiting and loose motions. He vomited out worms 5 days later. There was a vague lump in the abdomen. Abdomen and chest skiagrams and ultrasound were reported normal. In the absence of improvement in clinical status, the patient was admitted to our institution with episodes of recurrent abdominal pain and an evening rise in temperature occurring for a month. Examination revealed anaemia, a rash all over the body and an intraabdominal lump in the epigastrium and left hypochondrium.