The Intelligence Quotient (IQ) tests and the corresponding psychometric explanations dominate both the scientific and popular views about human intelligence. Though the IQ tests have been in currency for long, there exists a gap in what they are believed to measure and what they do. While the IQ tests index the quality of cognitive functioning in selected domains of mental repertoire, the applied settings often inflate their predictive value leading to an interpretive gap. The present article contends that studying the influence of motivational and affective processes on cognitive functioning would help to evolve a more psychologically comprehensive account of the IQ tests and bridge the interpretive gap. To conclude, the article suggests possible future research directions that could strengthen the predictive value of the IQ tests.

Interactions among motivation, cognitive functioning, and affect shape much of the diversity in human behavior. This study aims to synthesize the literature on these interactions through a narrative review and highlights how a particular class of motivations leads to paradoxical effects. The literature review was conducted by following a rigorous search protocol to identify and filter the research on the topic. A synthesis of the pertinent research suggests that motivation, cognitive functioning, and affect interact cyclically to give rise to behavioral diversity. More importantly, affective and motivational influences lead to flexibility in cognitive functioning. This flexibility in information search and processing gives rise to paradoxical effects in the case of a class of motivations called, desires. Regulation of affect helps tone down these paradoxical effects. To conclude, few implications to theory and practice are discussed.

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We examine stakeholder management by studying the relationship between antecedents and outcomes of stakeholder salience in Indian IT industry. A mixed methodology integrating qualitative and quantitative approaches was adopted. Two potential antecedents of stakeholder salience were identified, namely, stakeholder integration and top management support. The consequent outcome was Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) toward stakeholders. Data were collected from 67 organizations through a survey questionnaire. The conceptual framework was tested across six prominent primary stakeholders: investors, customers, employees, suppliers, environment and community. Data were analyzed using partial least squares technique. The influence of stakeholder integration on salience of stakeholders was found to be significant in the case of investors, customers, employees and suppliers. However, the influence of top management support toward determining stakeholder salience was only evident in regard to key stakeholder groups. Further, salience of all the stakeholder groups was found to considerably enhance the potential CSR activities toward them. Top management support was identified as a potential antecedent of sa

Behavior change interventions attempt to change norm perceptions to bring about desirable effects. We examine whether psychological distance implicit to the information about a norm has any influence on how people perceive such information. We embed the variations on the dimensions of psychological distance (i.e., temporal, spatial, social, and hypothetical), each operating at two levels (psychologically closer vs. psychologically distant) in a statement conveying the norm. Each participant reads a version of the statement to indicate the preference to conform to the norm. In addition, the participants weigh 6 criteria on their relative importance to the indicated preference. We also assess participants' value orientation to measure whether in general they adopt individualistic versus collectivistic orientation. Psychological distance did not account for the observed variation in the preference to conform to the norm. However, weighting exercise reveals that people evaluate information regarding a norm or the behavior in question. Moreover, weights attached to behavior show a negative association with the preference to conform implying that the norm is not in good taste with their personal values and prevailing norms. The disposition toward collectivism strengthens such reasoning. To conclude, we suggest future research directions.