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Summary Cloud storage is a significant cloud computing (CC) service which enables the client to save and retrieve the data at anytime and anywhere. Due to the increased demand and familiarity of the CC environment, different kinds of security threats and susceptibilities are raised. Data integrity and privacy are the major problems in CC environment where the data can be saved in distinct geographic regions. So, privacy preservation and data integrity become important factors of the user concern related to the CC environment. Several auditing protocols are majorly dependent upon the conventional public key infrastructure, which led to high computational complexity and it is unsuitable for the setting of multiple users. To resolve these issues, this study develops a new block chain enabled auditing with optimal multi‐key homomorphic encryption (BEA‐OMKHE) technique for public cloud environment. The proposed BEA‐OMKHE technique aims to assure data integrity, security, and auditing in public cloud storage. Besides, an OMKHE technique is derived to accomplish data integrating into the cloud environment by the design of end to end encryption system. A secure generation of keys and encryption processes are carried out by the use of MKHE technique; thereby the data becomes highly secure. In addition, the choice of keys is performed by the improved beetle antenna search optimization (IBAS) algorithm. Therefore, the proposed BEA‐OMKHE technique offers an efficient way of enhancing the data integrity in CC method. The performance validation of the BEA‐OMKHE technique takes place and the results are inspected under various aspects. The comparative result analysis ensured the betterment of the BEA‐OMKHE technique interms of different measures such as communication cost, encryption time, decryption time, computation cost, privacy preserving rate, and authentication accuracy.