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GRÀTiO 2 nanocomposite was prepared by simple chemical method using graphene oxide and titanium isopropoxide (Ti [OCH (CH 3) 2 ] 4) precursors. The crystalline nature of the composite was characterised by powder X-ray diffraction and the intercalation was explained by Raman spectroscopy. The morphology of the composite was analysed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The elemental and quantitative measurement of the composite was determined by electron dispersive spectroscopy. The shape and size of the particle was measured by transmission electron spectroscopy and high resolution spectroscopy. The surface area and elemental composition of the composite was studied by using BrunauerÀEmmettÀTeller (BET) method and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Photo-generated electrons were studied by photoluminescence spectra. The photocatalytic activity of nanocomposite was investigated by the degradation of Rhodamine-B (Rh-B) in an aqueous solution under solar light irradiation. The GRÀTiO 2 demonstrates photocatalytic activity in the degradation with a removal rate of 98% under solar light irradiation as compared with pure TiO 2 (42%), graphite oxide (19%), and mechanical mixture GR C TiO 2 (60%) due to the increased light absorption intensity and reduction of electronÀhole pair recombination with the intercalation of graphene and TiO 2. The results indicated that the GRÀTiO 2 could be used as a catalyst to degrade Rh-B from coloured wastewater.

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In this study, photodegradation of the non-biodegradable azo dye acid orange 7 (AO7) was selected as modal target in aqueous solution using graphene-TiO 2 (GR-TiO 2 ) hybrid nanocomposite, was well investigated and elucidated. The crystal phase, special surface area, microscopic analysis of the GR-TiO 2 and also, chemical state of the photocatalysts were studied by powdered X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Raman spectrum, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Brunauere Emmette Teller (BET) method and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). During photocatalysis, the GR-TiO 2 nanocomposite improved photocatalytic performance compared with that of pure TiO 2 towards AO7 organic azo-dye degradation. The reusability test of photocatalytic activity was also examined. A conceivable reaction mechanism was suggested and nattered on the basis of tentative effects. Therefore, the GR-TiO 2 nanomaterial can be widely used as a photocatalyst for treating the organic dye contaminant in the field of environmental protection.

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