Knowledge of the frequency of anatomical variations of arterial pattern of hand is crucial for safe and successful hand surgical approach, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. The superficial pal mar arch is a major blood supply to the hand. Various anomalous patterns in the superficial arch of hand are reported. The superficial pal mar arch is formed predominantly by ulnar artery with a contribution from superficial branch of radial artery. OBSERVATIONS: Superficial palmar arch is dissected within the palm and observed from its origin to termination. Variations in its origin, branches were observed. A classic superficial palmar arch was found in 10% [5/50]. Out of dissected specimens complete arch found in 67% and incomplete arch was 33%. Incomplete arch is formed by ulnar artery alone. It supply four and half fingers and give five branches. Majority of arches is supplied by three and half fingers and gives four branches. DISCUSSION: Many attempts have been made to classify these variations. A complex classification of superficial pal mar arch by Coleman & Anson [1961]. Since then, many other classification have been suggested by different authors [Karlsson & Niechajev, 1982; al-Turk & Metcalf, 1984; Doscher et al. 1985; Ruengsakulrachh et al. 2001;] provides simplest understanding of distribution of the arches. Although the classical pattern of the arch occurs in frequently, anatomical presence of a complete superficial palmar arch varies from 84% to 66% [Coleman & Anson]. This incidence was lower in the current study and might be a reflection of sample size [52 hands]. The median artery was found in 10% of the hands, similar frequency to that reported by McCormack et al. [1953].

The subject of kidney anomalies including their incidence has created much interest to the scientists in late 1950 and 1960 with the aim of preventing and curing them as much as possible. Knowledge about their incidence particularly helps us to know how frequently they are seen in the population and makes us to search the possible etiological factors for such high occurrence. An attempt has been made to know the various anomalies, detailed dimensions of specimens available from the cadavers. To apply this knowledge to the incoming post graduates in their research works. Renal vascular segmentation was originally recognized by John Hunter in 1794. MATERIALS & METHODS: The parameters like weight, length of the kidney, breadth of the kidney and the breadth at the superior pole, inferior pole and at the hilum are taken with the help of electronic weighing machine, vernier calipers, the scale and thread are used. During the routine dissections the kidneys identified and the photographs are taken in situ wherever necessary. The parameters are taken, anomalies are noted and detailed diagrams are drawn. OBSERVATIONS: In the present study 176 specimens of kidneys were studied out of which 40 were fetal specimens and the rest were adult specimens consisting of both cadaveric and sonograms. The adult specimens from cadavers were 76 and 60 from sonograms. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION: It is stated that anomalies of the urinary tract rank third or fourth in position and they constitute 3-4% of total congenital anomalies and seen in 2-3% of population. In the present study, 14 aberrant vessels are observed.