Herein, we demonstrate a simple, highly efficient, and cost-effective clean water generation strategy that can be implemented in the geographical locations deprived of freshwater resources. We captured and purified the atmospheric water utilizing CaCl2 as a deliquescent material followed by solar thermal desalination with an engineered-photothermal nanocomposite sheet (E-PNS). The E-PNS was prepared using Mn2+ ion promoted oxygen vacancy (VO) rich black anatase TiO2 nanoparticles as filler and poly­(vinylidene fluoride) as the polymer matrix. The developed E-PNS exhibits an excellent radiation absorption of ∼98.5% covering the entire solar spectrum (250–2500 nm) and has interconnected micropores that facilitate efficient solar–thermal heat and mass transfer. Hence, the reported clean water generation strategy achieves a high solar to thermal conversion efficiency of 90% under light irradiation (solar simulator, intensity 1.13 kW m–2), which is 2.2 times higher when compared to water itself. Further, real-time analysis of an E-PNS integrated all-in-one water from air generator prototype showed a clean water generation rate of 0.365 kg m–2 h–1, i.e., ∼2.2 L m–2 day–1, under direct solar irradiation (∼1.06 kW m–2), thereby offering a very promising technological solution for the production of clean water in water-scarce regions.

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Exhaust contains environmentally harmful pollutants such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM).In order to control these exhaust pollutants engine after treatment technologies are being used in diesel engines. A urea selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is one of the promising after treatment devices for the abatement of exhaust emissions, particularly for NOx pollutants. The basic principal of emission reducing systems is to reduce the NOx pollutants by ammonia formed from urea. This project aims to analyse the NOx emissions from a petrol engine equipped with a Urea catalytic convertor using canister as a catalyst . Keywords: nox reduction using urea, urea spray for nox reduction, nox controlled with urea, exhaust nox decrease with urea I.