Latar belakang: Batik merupakan warisan budaya Indonesia yang nilai ekspornya meningkat pesat. Dampak ini dapat meningkatkan pendapatan negara secara signifikan. Di sisi lain, memperluas kesempatan kerja bagi masyarakat untuk memproduksi batik. Namun , produksi batik yang besar meningkatkan volume limbah. Permasalahan ini dapat mencemari lingkungan jika limbah batik tidak terurai dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, kami mengusulkan metode bioremediasi untuk menguraikan polutan COD dalam limbah batik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kemampuan MPMO dalam mereduksi COD pada limbah batik. Hasil penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bakteri Bacillus licheniformis memiliki kemampuan mereduksi COD pada limbah tekstil. Selain itu, MPMO yang mengandung bakteri Bacillus licheniformis juga terbukti dapat menurunkan nilai COD pada IPAL industri gula.Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium, dan menggunakan sistem batch untuk proses seeding dan aklimatisasi pada MPMO. Pada proses seeding menggunakan nutrien buatan untuk menumbuhkan mikroorganisme. Proses aklimatisasi menggunakan % v/v campuran limbah batik dan nutrien buatan sebagai proses adaptasi mikroorganisme terhadap limbah. Parameter selama proses seeding dan aklimatisasi yaitu COD, pH, MLSS, dan MLVSS. Pengambilan parameter COD dilakukan setiap 0 jam pada influen dan 24 jam pada efluen reaktor.Hasil: Nilai CODinfluen, CODefluen, Efisiensi penyisihan COD, pHawal, pHakhir, MLSS, dan MLVSS yang diperoleh selama proses aklimatisasi masing-masing antara 1145-3084 mg/L, 354-1268 mg/L, 54-82%, 6.43-8.25, 7.33-8.32, 790.5-2356.5 mg/L, 0.454-1.657 mg/L.Simpulan: Penggunaan MPMO dengan bakteri Bacillus licheniformis dapat menyisihkan COD limbah batik pada proses aklimatisasi sebesar 82% dengan nilai rata-rata efisiensi penyisihan COD sebesar 65%. ABSTRACT Title: Reduction of COD Concentration from Batik Waste Water Treatment in Seeding and Acclimatization Process Using Microorganism Preservation Materials (MPMO) Background: Batik is an Indonesian cultural heritage whose export value is increasing rapidly. This impact can increase the state's income significantly. On the other hand, it expands job opportunities for people to produce batik. However, large batik production increases the volume of waste. This problem can pollute the environment if the batik waste is not decomposed properly. Therefore, we propose a bioremediation method to decipher the pollutant COD in batik waste. This research aims to measure the ability of MPMO in reducing COD in batik waste. The results of previous studies showed that Bacillus licheniformis has the ability to reduce COD in textile waste. Moreover, MPMO containing Bacillus Licheniformis bacteria also can decrease COD in the sugar industry WWTPs.Method: This research was conducted on a laboratory scale with the sample pollutants from the batik production in Yogyakarta. We used a batch system for the seeding and acclimatization process in MPMO. During the seeding process, nutrients are used to grow microorganisms. The acclimatization process uses a % v/v mixture of batik waste and nutrients as a process of adapting microorganisms to waste. Parameters of the seeding and acclimatization were recorded during the process, such as COD, pH, MLSS, and MLVSS. For COD, the parameter was taken every 0 hours on the influent and 24 hours on the effluent reactor.Result: The values of CODinfluent, CODefluent, COD removal efficiency, initial pH, final pH, MLSS, and MLVSS obtained during the acclimation process were respectively 1145-3084 mg / L, 354-1268 mg / L, 54-82%, 6.43- 8.25, 7.33-8.32, 790.5-2356.5 mg / L, 0.454-1.657 mg / L.Conclusion: The use of MPMO with Bacillus licheniformis bacteria can remove COD from batik waste in the acclimatization process by 82% with an average COD removal efficiency of 65%.

Batik is made through a series of processes that requires large amount of water. One of these processes is dying the fabric using chemical dyes. Many batik producers in Yogyakarta dispose the wastewater straight into the river or on the ground. Since batik is recognized as UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia, batik industries have been grown rapidly. As a result, batik wastewater became a huge contributor to environmental pollution, especially land and water resources. In the present study, application of microorganisms (bioremediation) to remove or degrade pollutant of batik wastewater was investigated. Microorganisms of Bacillus licheniformis were immobilized in bentonite mineral. This microbial immobilized system then applied in aerobic reactor of continuous process. The concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) was calculated as daily parameter. Although the final COD concentration still doesn’t meet the government standard, this microbial immobilization system shows promising COD removal results. The highest COD removal is 75%. This experiment is still in the early stages and further phases of the experiment are required to reach safe chemical parameters of batik wastewater for agricultural purposes as regulated by the Indonesian government.

Batik is one of Indonesia’s original cultural heritages. In Indonesia, the batik industry is the largest home-based textile industry. This industry consumes a large amount of water. Due to the unavailability of a wastewater treatment plant, most batik producers dispose of the wastewater directly into the river, resulting in extensive water pollution. Some pollutants, such as color, phenol, and sulfide, have the potential to pollute the environment. Wastewater treatment is needed to improve water quality and meet the specific safety requirements of wastewater after treatment. Among physical and chemical methods, biological treatment has advantages such as being more economical and environmentally friendly. In this study, biological treatment using immobilized Bacillus lincheniformis on bentonite mineral was investigated. The concentration of color, phenol, and sulfide in mini wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was measured before (influent) and after treatment (effluent) as daily parameter. The results showed that the highest phenol removal efficiency value reached 100%, and the overall concentration of effluent met the Indonesian quality standard. However, some sulfide concentrations in the effluent did not meet the quality standard, even though the highest removal efficiency value reached 93%. The value of color decolorization efficiency was reached at 68%. Those results indicate that consortium immobilized Bacillus lincheniformis on bentonite minerals and microorganisms from batik waste can be used as a promising method to treat batik wastewater.