No abstract

Several methodologies have been proposed to determine turn switches in alpine skiing. A recent study using inertial measurement units (IMU) was able to accurately detect turn switch points in controlled lab conditions. However, this method has yet to be validated during actual skiing in the field. The aim of this study was to further develop and validate this methodology to accurately detect turns in the field, where factors such as slope conditions, velocity, turn length, and turn style can influence the recorded data. A secondary aim was to identify runs. Different turn styles were performed (carving long, short, drifted, and snowplow turns) and the performance of the turn detection algorithm was assessed using the ratio, precision, and recall. Short carved turns showed values of 0.996 and 0.996, carving long 1.007 and 0.993, drifted 0.833 and 1.000 and snowplow 0.538 and 0.839 for ratio and precision, respectively. The results indicated that the improved system was valid and accurate for detecting runs and carved turns. However, for drifted turns, while all the turns detected were real, some real turns were missing. Further development needs to be done to include snowplow skiing.

No abstract

Background Hiking is one of the most popular forms of exercise in the alpine region. However, besides its health benefits, hiking is the alpine activity with the highest incidence of cardiac events. Most incidents occur due to overexertion or underestimation of the physiological strain of hiking. Objective This project will establish a standardized cardio trekking test trail to evaluate the exercise capacity of tourists within hiking areas and deliver a tool for the prevention of hiking-associated cardiac incidents. Further, individual exercise intensity for a hiking tour will be predicted and visualized in digital maps. Methods This cooperation study between Austria and Germany will first validate a 1-km outdoor cardio trekking test trail at 2 different study sites. Then, exercise intensity measures on 8-km hiking trails will be evaluated during hiking to estimate overall hiking intensity. A total of 144 healthy adults (aged >45 years) will perform a treadmill test in the laboratory and a 1-km hiking test outdoors. They will wear a portable spirometry device that measures gas exchange, as well as heart rate, walking speed, ventilation, GPS location, and altitude throughout the tests. Estimation models for exercise capacity based on measured parameters will be calculated. Results The project “Connect2Move” was funded in December 2019 by the European Regional Development Fund (INTERREG V-A Programme Austria-Bavaria – 2014-2020; Project Number AB296). “Connect2Move” started in January 2020 and runs until the end of June 2022. By the end of April 2022, 162 participants were tested in the laboratory, and of these, 144 were tested outdoors. The data analysis will be completed by the end of June 2022, and results are expected to be published by the end of 2022. Conclusions Individual prediction of exercise capacity in healthy individuals with interest in hiking aims at the prevention of hiking-associated cardiovascular events caused by overexertion. Integration of a mathematical equation into existing hiking apps will allow individual hiking route recommendations derived from individual performance on a standardized cardio trekking test trail. Trial Registration ClinicalTrails.gov NCT05226806; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05226806 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/39038