The aims of this study were to identify spatially and temporally the composition and diversity of decapod crustaceans caught at fisheries of shrimp Xyphopenaeus kroyeri in Ubatuba bay. Samples were obtained monthly with a shrimping boat from September 1995 to August 1996 at 8 permanent transects. In total were collected 233094 individuals belonging to 85 species. The greatest riches were obtained for Brachyura (49 species) and Anomura (16 species). In the transects IV and V, the highest values of diversity and smaller abundance of shrimp X. kroyeri were found. Regarding the similarity, transects IV and V has low similarity in relation to other points due to its characteristics, such as location in the bay and type of substrate. Studies on the diversity of bycatch of commercially important shrimps are essential for management plans and conservation of renewable natural resources.

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This study evaluated the relationships between environmental factors and the spatio-temporal distribution of H. pudibundus, with the hypothesis of differential occupation in coastal areas of southeastern Brazil. The samplings took place monthly in January-December 2000 period, along nine transects from 2 to 40 m of depth, in Ubatuba region, northern coast of São Paulo. We collected 1808 individuals of H. pudibundus. The highest abundance was recorded in winter in the transects 10-25 m deep. Abundance was positively correlated with organic matter content and texture sediment (phi values). With the retreat of the South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) in autumn and winter, the sediment swirls, suspending the detritivore and filter-feeding macrofauna, increasing the food availability. Sites characterized by finer sediment offer higher food availability, besides facilitating H. pudibundus burying behavior. Due to its opportunistic predatory behavior, this species feeds on a variety of organisms, including mollusks, annelids and foraminifera, which are preys more abundant in the studied area and in sediments of finer grain size.

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