The worldwide outbreak of the novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led to recognition of a new immunopathological condition: paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS-TS). The Czech Republic (CZ) suffered from one of the highest incidences of individuals who tested positive during pandemic waves. The aim of this study was to analyse epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of all cases of paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS-TS) in the Czech Republic (CZ) and their predictors of severe course. We performed a retrospective-prospective nationwide observational study based on patients hospitalised with PIMS-TS in CZ between 1 November 2020 and 31 May 2021. The anonymised data of patients were abstracted from medical record review. Using the inclusion criteria according to World Health Organization definition, 207 patients with PIMS-TS were enrolled in this study. The incidence of PIMS-TS out of all SARS-CoV-2-positive children was 0.9:1,000. The estimated delay between the occurrence of PIMS-TS and the COVID-19 pandemic wave was 3 weeks. The significant initial predictors of myocardial dysfunction included mainly cardiovascular signs (hypotension, oedema, oliguria/anuria, and prolonged capillary refill). During follow-up, most patients (98.8%) had normal cardiac function, with no residual findings. No fatal cases were reported. Conclusions : A 3-week interval in combination with incidence of COVID-19 could help increase pre-test probability of PIMS-TS during pandemic waves in the suspected cases. Although the parameters of the models do not allow one to completely divide patients into high and low risk groups, knowing the most important predictors surely could help clinical management. What is Known: • Preliminary evidence, majority from relatively small, and mostly single-centre patient cohorts, has shown some insights in the basic epidemiological and clinical data of children with a paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) . What is New: • To our knowledge, this is the unique published national population-wide cohort allowing to study the epidemiology (including overall incidence), time gap between viral exposure and clinical symptoms of PIMS-TS, and clinical presentations and outcomes within the individual pandemic waves of COVID-19 that were characterised by various prevailing genetic variants of SARS-CoV-2 . • We estimated 3-week interval as a most probable period between SARS-CoV-2 infection and PIMS-TS based on nationwide population data using cross-correlation method . Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00431-022-04593-7.
Ačkoli je infekce SARS -CoV-2 vyvolaná beta koronavirem (COVID-19) vysoce nakažlivá, pediatričtí pacienti představují jen malou část ze všech diagnostikovaných nemocných. Pozornost však vzbudil výskyt neobvyklého klinického obrazu abnormální systémové imunitní odpovědi s multiorgánovým poškozením, který byl označen jako syndrom multisystémové zánětlivé odpovědi asociovaný s COVID-19 u dětí (PIMS -TS). Níže předkládaný přehledový článek vychází z recentních publikovaných studií a věnuje se etiologii, symptomatologii, diagnostice a terapii tohoto nového onemocnění.
p ů V o d n í p r á c e epidemiologie a klinický průběh syndromu multisystémové zánětlivé odpovědi spojeného s infekcí SarS-CoV-2 u dětí a mladistvých (piMS-tS) v České republice Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) in the Czech Republic
k r át k é s d ě l e n í Kardiovaskulární projevy u syndromu multisystémové zánětlivé odpovědi asociované s covidem-19 u dětí (piMS-tS) Cardiovascular manifestations in paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) Veronika stará pediatrická klinika 2. lF uk a Fn v Motole, praha souhrn stará V. kardiovaskulární projevy u syndromu multisystémové zánětlivé odpovědi asociované s covidem-19 u dětí (pims-ts)syndrom multisystémové zánětlivé odpovědi asociovaný s covidem-19 u dětí (paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with sars-coV-2, piMs-ts) je vzácnou komplikací infekce sars-coV-2 u dětí a postižení kardiovaskulárního aparátu je významným faktorem morbidity tohoto onemocnění. kardiovaskulární komplikace zahrnují dysfunkci levé komory, dilatace nebo aneurysmata koronárních arterií, poruchy rytmu, perikarditidu a valvulitidu. u části pacientů může onemocnění probíhat pod obrazem šokového stavu, závažnou komplikací mohou být tromboembolické příhody. klíčovými diagnostickými metodami kardiovaskulárních komplikací při piMs-ts jsou transtorakální echokardiografie a elektrokardiografie. přestože u většiny pacientů dochází při adekvátní léčbě k úplné restituci srdeční funkce, měli by být pacienti během prvního roku po prodělaném onemocnění pravidelně kardiologicky sledováni. klíčová slova: systolická dysfunkce, aneurysmata, echokardiografie, sledování summary stará V. cardiovascular manifestations in paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with sars-coV-2 (pims-ts) coVid-19-associated multisystem inflammatory response syndrome in children (piMs-ts) is a rare complication of sars-coV-2 infection in children, and cardiovascular involvement is a significant factor in the morbidity of this disease. cardiovascular complications include left ventricular dysfunction, coronary artery dilatations or aneurysms, rhythm disturbances, pericarditis and valvulitis. in some patients, the disease may present with shock, and thromboembolic events may also be a serious complication. the key diagnostic methods for cardiovascular complications in piMs-ts are transthoracic echocardiography and electrocardiography. although most patients experience complete restitution of cardiac function with adequate treatment, patients should undergo regular cardiac follow-up during the first year after the disease.
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