We present a case of insufficiency fracture (IF) of the calcaneum diagnosed by sonography (US). An 83-year-old woman consulted because of pain and swelling of the left heel without history of trauma. Standard radiographs showed osteoporosis without fracture. US revealed thickening of the calcaneal periosteum associated with edema of the adjacent soft tissues. Color Doppler imaging showed marked increased vascularity of the periosteum. US changes, together with the clinical and radiographic findings, were consistent with an IF of the calcaneum that was confirmed by MRI. The patient was treated successfully by conservative treatment. In the proper clinical setting, US can suggest the diagnosis of IF of the calcaneum.

The objective is to study the reproducibility and reliability of the fetal corpus callosum measurements between two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) acquisitions. This prospective study enrolled 475 fetuses, monitored between 18 and 38 weeks of gestation by two operators. Starting from a transcerebellar axial plane, 3D and 2D mid-sagittal views of the corpus callosum were obtained. Measurements of length and thickness were performed and underwent quality control by independent reviewers. The acquisition time of the two methods was measured. Means, differences, and linear correlations were analyzed using t-test, regression and Pearson's correlation coefficients, and Bland–Altman's plots. This analysis was performed for each operator to test the interobserver reproducibility. Among the 432 cases measured using both methods, 380 (88%) were validated by quality control. The mean corpus callosum length and thickness were essentially the same using 2D and 3D measurements (2D: 33.8 ± 8.7 vs. 3D: 33.7 ± 8.7 mm, 2D: 2.2 ± 0.4 vs. 3D: 2.2 ± 0.4 mm, respectively; mean ± standard deviation [SD]). Linear regression coefficients and Pearson's coefficients were similar for length (2D: 0.8283 and 0.9191 vs. 3D: 0.8271 and 0.9095), but slightly different regarding thickness (2D: 0.6775 and 0.8231 vs. 3D: 0.5831 and 0.7636). Differences between 2D and 3D measurements, considering Bland–Altman's plots and correlated with gestational age, were acceptable (2D: 0.097 ± 0.559 mm, 3D: 0.004 ± 0.111 mm). The acquisition time required was significantly lower for 3D acquisitions (3D: 25.2 ± 14.5 seconds vs. 2D: 35.1 ± 19.4 seconds, p < 0.01). Linear regression and Pearson's coefficients for the measurements of corpus callosum length and thickness using 2D or 3D acquisitions did not differ between the operators. This study confirms good reproducibility of corpus callosum assessment by transabdominal 3D acquisitions. The good feasibility in routine scans may lead to better screening for callosal dysgenesis.

Objectives:The sonographic diagnosis of short and partial CC agenesis (PACC) is conventionally based on measurement of a short for gestational age anterior-posterior length of the corpus callosum, typically associated with abnormal CC morphology. We suggest a new method for evaluation of PACC without referring to biometry tables. Methods: We measured the CC length and the internal cranial occipitofrontal dimension (ICOFD) in mid-sagittal plane in 245 normal pregnancies between 21 to 34 week and in 24 pregnancies with a diagnosis of PACC (range 24 to 35+6 weeks). The mean ratio between ICOFD and CC length and standard deviation was calculated throughout the pregnancy. We compared this ratio between normal pregnancies and pregnancies with partial agenesis of the CC. Results: The ICOFD/CC length for normal pregnancies was 2.39 ± 0.14 (range 2.25-2.41). This ratio was constant throw-out the pregnancy. The sagittal to CC length ratio of pregnancies with CC partial agenesis was significantly higher 3.32±0.92 (range 1.92-5.75) (P<0.0001). Conclusions:The ratio between the fetal internal cranial occipitofrontal dimension and the CC length was constant throughout the pregnancy. This ratio is significantly higher in pregnancies with partial agenesis of the CC. Measurement of this ratio during fetal anatomical scan may enable the diagnosis of this pathology instantly without the need to refer to biometry tables. It should be emphasised that our results concerns PACC without microcephaly. OP06.03 Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences in the diagnosis of lissencephaly on fetal MRI

Purpose: To determine mucosal pressures, ease of insertion, mask position and oropharyngeal leak pressures for the flexible (FLMA) and standard laryngeal mask airway (LMA). Methods: Forty anesthetized, paralysed adult patients were randomly allocated to receive either the FLMA or LMA. Microchip sensors were attached to the LMA or FLMA at identical locations corresponding to the base of tongue, hypopharynx, lateral pharynx, oropharynx, posterior pharynx and pyriform fossa. Mucosal pressure, oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP) and mask position (assessed fibreoptically) were recorded during inflation of the cufffrom 0-40 ml in I0 ml increments. Results: Ease of insertion and mask position were similar between devices. Mean OLP was higher for the LMA (22 vs 19 cm H20), but the maximum OLP was similar (25 vs 24 cm H20). Mean mucosal pressures were generally low (< 12 cm H20) for both devices, but were higher for the LMA in the lateral pharynx (4 vs I cm H20) and oropharynx (13 vs 3 cm H20) and higher in the posterior pharynx for the FLMA (4 vs 2 cm H20), The OLP for both devices increased with increasing intracuff volume from 0-I0 ml and 10-20 ml, and from 20-30 ml for the FLMA. Conclusions: We conclude that the LMA and FLMA perform similarly in terms of ease of insertion and mask position, but OLP and mucosal pressures are slightly higher for the LMA. Pharyngeal mucosal pressures for both devices are lower than those considered safe for the tracheal mucosa. The overall clinical performance between the two devices is similar. Objectif: D&erminer les pressions exerc&s par la muqueuse, la facilit~ d'insertion, la position du masque et les pressions li~es aux fuites oropharyng~es concernant le masque laryng~ flexible (MLF) et le masque laryng~ standard (ML). M&hode : Quarante patients adultes, sous anesth&ie, ont fitfi r~partis au hasard et ont rer soit le MLF soit le ML. Des d~tecteurs ~lectroniques ont ~t~ attach& au ML ou au MLF ~ des endroits identiques correspondant la base de la langue, ~. rhypopharynx, au pharynx lat&al, ~ l'oropharynx, au pharynx post&ieur et ~ la fosse piri-forme. La pression de la muqueuse, la pression de fuite oropharyngienne (PFO) et la position du masque (~va-lu~e par flbroscopie) ont ~t~ not&s pendant le gonflement du ballonnet de 0-40 ml en increments de I 0 ml. R~ultats : La facilit~ d'insertion et la position du masque ont ~t~ similaires pour les deux appareils. La PFO moyenne a ~t~ plus ~lev~e avec le ML (22 vs 19 cm H20), mais la PFO maximale a ~t~ similaire (25 vs 24 cm 1-120). Les pressions muqueuses moyennes ont ~t~ g~n&alement basses (< 12 cm H20) pour les deux masques, mais plus ElevEes pour le ML dans le pharynx lat&al (4 vs I cm H20) et l'oropharynx (I 3 vs 3 cm H20) et plus ~levfies dans le pharynx post&ieur pour le MLF (4 vs 2 cm H20). La PFO a augment~ avec le gonflement du bal-lonnet de 0-I0 ml et de 10-20 ml pour les deux masques, et de 20-30 ml pour le MLE Conclusion : Nous concluons que le ML et le MLF sont similaires quant ~ la facilit~ d'insertion et fi leur position, m...