In this article, grammatical forms in context are viewed as processual patterns of choice activity. A hierarchy of choice factors is presented, using the example of the present perfect forms in parallel translations from Russian into several languages. To ensure adequacy of comparison, the notions of grammatical contextual complex and universal grammatical integral are introduced and used as the required tertium comparationis. Particular attention is devoted to the interplay of universal and language-specific features in processes of grammatical choice in translation. Résumé: Les formes grammaticales en contexte sont envisagées comme des modèles procéduraux d'une activité de choix. Une hiérarchie de facteurs sélectifs est établie à partir des formes du passé composé dans des traductions parallèles du russe en plusieurs langues. Pour assurer l'adéquation de la comparaison, on distingue les notions de complexe grammatical contextuel et de constituant grammatical universel; ces deux notions servent de tertium comparationis. Les processus de choix grammaticaux en traduction impliquent une interaction entre des traits linguistiques universaux et ceux qui sont particuliers aux langues.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.