22Brazil has been committed to fulfill international restoration goals and to enforce 23 environmental legislation that will require private landowners to undertake ecological 24 restoration of 21 million hectares of degraded and deforested landscapes. To support a 25 broad range of restoration practices, a consolidated supply chain able to represent 26 regional plant diversity is essential. This study investigated the restoration species pool 27 in native plant nurseries in São Paulo state, southeastern Brazil and evaluated their 28 geographic distribution, similarity of their plant stocks and the proportion of species 29 represented from regional floras. Despite the lack of technical assistance and the large 30 presence of non-native species (126 species, average 7.5 species/nursery), we found still 31 more impressive native species richness in plant nurseries (561 species, average 86.4 32 species/nursery) from both the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado domains, representing 38 to 33 44% of regional floras. There was a huge bias toward tree and shrub species (96.6%) and 34 absence or underrepresentation of other growth forms, as well as of savanna specialists, 35 animal-dispersed and threatened species. The great dissimilarity of species offered in 36 the nurseries surveyed underscores the importance of regional seed collection 37 practices. Effective assistance and capacitation are essential to address issues related to 38 misidentification of species, underrepresentation of most functional plant groups, and 39 the presence of non-native species, as well as to support the supply chain, currently 40 undergoing market downturn.41 42