Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and etiology of maxillofacial fractures and also to evaluate different treatment modalities.Study design:The sample consisted of 1,038 patients, with maxillofacial injuries treated at our center from June 2006 to June 2011. Cause, type, site of injury, gender, age and treatment given to them, all these parameter are evaluated.Conclusion:The results of this study exhibit that road traffic accidents is the main reason for maxilla facial injuries followed by fall from height. Maxillofacial injuries are more frequent in male than in female. The mandible was most frequently involved facial bone. The miniplate osteosynthesis was the most widespread of the fixation technique but conservative management of the fractured bone also has a significance importance in treatment modalities.

Fracture is defined as complete or incomplete separation in the continuity of bone Fracture healing is a complex physiological process that involves the coordinated participation of hematopoietic and immune cells within bone marrow. It conjunction with vascular and skeletal cell precursors it also includes mesenchymal stem cells which are recruited from the circulation and the surrounding tissues. It is estimated that 80% of the population in developing countries still rely on the traditional herbal medicines. Healing is practiced by people from all levels of society, who live and work in intimate relation with their environment. They range from bone setting, treatment of snake bite and mental disorders. Knowledge of Medicinal plants and their identification should be gain with the help of cowherds, hermits, hunters, forest dwellers and those who gather plants of forest for food. Sushruta Samita Sutrasthanam 36 V.10. Herbs can effective in reducing swelling pain and soreness of the fracture and al so speedy recovery of function. In last few decades there has been growing In alternative forms of therapy globally. Herbal medicines are currently in demand and their popularity is increasing.

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Background:Honey is one of the oldest known medicines. Its use has been rediscovered in later times by the medical profession, especially for dressing wounds. It has been reported from various clinical studies on the usages of honey as a dressing for infected wounds that the wound become sterile in 3-6 days, others have al so reported that the honey is effective in cleaning up infected wound.Materials and Methods:The 54 patients of dry socket were selected from the from the outpatient department of oral and maxillofacial surgery. A diagnosis of dry socket was made clinically. This study was under taken to evaluate the effect of honey dressing in management of dry socket.Results:In this study there was significant reduction if inflammation, hyperemia, edema and exudation after honey dressing that results in soothing effect and reduction in pain and discomfort. There was al so significant reduction in CRP level post operative days .There was side effect of honey was observed in our study, so it can be used as alternative for the management of dry socket.Discussion:It has al so been reported that the honey dressing halt advancing necrosis. It has al so been found to act as barrier preventing wounds from becoming infected, preventing cross infection, and allowing burn wound to heal rapidly.Conclusions:There are no side effects of honey. Excess use of euginol, can lead to necrosis of bone. The honey can be used as medicament for the management of dry socket.

Cell-matrix adhesion regulates membrane trafficking controlling anchorage-dependent signaling. While a dynamic Golgi complex can contribute to this pathway, its regulation by adhesion remains unclear. Here we report that loss of adhesion dramatically disorganized the Golgi in mouse and human fibroblast cells. Golgi integrity is restored rapidly upon integrin-mediated re-adhesion to FN and is disrupted by integrin blocking antibody. In suspended cells, the cis, cis-medial and trans-Golgi networks differentially disorganize along the microtubule network but show no overlap with the ER, making this disorganization distinct from known Golgi fragmentation. This pathway is regulated by an adhesion-dependent reduction and recovery of Arf1 activation. Constitutively active Arf1 disrupts this regulation and prevents Golgi disorganization due to loss of adhesion. Adhesion-dependent Arf1 activation regulates its binding to the microtubule minus-end motor protein dynein to control Golgi reorganization, which is blocked by ciliobrevin. Adhesion-dependent Golgi organization controls its function, regulating cell surface glycosylation due to loss of adhesion, which is blocked by constitutively active Arf1. This study, hence, identified integrin-dependent cell-matrix adhesion to be a novel regulator of Arf1 activation, controlling Golgi organization and function in anchorage-dependent cells.