Background and Purpose: The administration of glucose has been shown to worsen brain injury in adult animals but has no effect on the severity of injury in newborn rats. We wished to see whether the results in newborn rats could be extended to another newborn animal.Methods: In 44 0-to 3-day-old piglets, hypoxic-ischemic central nervous system damage was induced by ligation of both carotid arteries and reduction of their blood pressure to two-thirds normal for one-half hour. In the last 15 minutes of this half hour, oxygen concentration was reduced to 6%. The piglets were randomized to receive either 2 mLVkg 50%o dextrose in water followed by 2 mLlkg per hour for 2.5 hours beginning before ischemia or enough insulin to reduce their resting blood sugar to approximately 2 mmol/L.

Background and Purpose:The excitatory amino acid inhibitor MK-801 has been shown in many animals species to protect against hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. We sought to determine whether hypoxic-ischemic injury to the newborn pig's brain could be prevented by the use of MK-801.Methods: Hypoxic-ischemic injury to the brain was induced in forty 0-3-day-old piglets. They were randomized to receive either 3 mg/kg MK-801 (MK-801 group, n=20) or vehicle (control group, n=19) prior to insult At time 0, the carotid arteries were ligated and the blood pressure was reduced by one third by hemorrhage. At 15 minutes, inspired oxygen was reduced from 50% to 6%. At 30 minutes, inspired oxygen was changed to 100%, carotid ligatures were released, and the withdrawn blood was reinfused. An additional 14 piglets received 3 mg/kg MK-801 but not hypoxic-ischemic injury (drug-only group), and a final group of 11 piglets were subjected to only a sham operation (sham group).Results: Neurological examination scores at 24, 48, and 72 hours showed that MK-801 and drug-only piglets were significantly worse than the controls. Pathological examination of the brains at 72 hours showed significantly greater damage in the brains of the MK-801 and control pigs relative to the sham and drug-only groups. No differences were found between the control and the MK-801 groups. No differences were found between the sham and drug-only groups.Conclusions: MK-801, at a dose of 3 mg/kg, causes neurological dysfunction in piglets lasting at least 72 hours, but neither causes brain damage nor ameliorates the effects of hypoxicischemic injury to the brain of the newborn pig. (Stroke 1991^22:1270-1275)

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