No abstract

The analysis of the current approaches to the assessment of the technical condition of water supply facilities of irrigation systems has been carried out and the need has been established for improving the monitoring technology for reclamative water utilization system on the basis of the development of innovative automated instrument control methods that use the integral evaluation of the remaining service life of structures and the prediction of the service life of the facility. Created software-hardware complex automated diagnostic detection of latent defects providing designs and constructions underlying subgrade acoustic GPR and methods of nondestructive testing, determination of the location and geometric parameters of each structure element malfunctions. As part of the diagnostics, an assessment is carried out: the degree of abrasion, leaching, filtration of concrete elements of structures; indicators of frost resistance and water resistance, the volume of existing damage and the efficiency of the structure. The problem with the evaluation of the effectiveness of the creation and application of automated control systems for technological processes, caused by the lack of standards in the field of melioration regulating such calculations, is identified.

The specific investment projects and the use of effective innovative methods of effectiveness calculation of the planned activities are important factors in profitable capital investment. The authors prove the need of studying the effectiveness assess of investments in land development using a common economic theory. It aims to speed up the formation of the methodical directions of accounting risks meeting the reclamation practices requirements. The purpose of the study is to improve the theory of assessment effectiveness of reclamation activities on the basis of synthesis, analysis and development of the effectiveness output of specific investment projects considering the risks. The analysis of the economic efficiency of the LRIP is based on the investment activities of the federal target program "Land reclamation development of agricultural land in Russia for 2014-2020." The investment usefulness in the federal target program activities of land development considering risk assessment was realized by methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis: sensitivity and scenario analysis. In the process of qualitative analysis significant risk factors are: an increase in investment costs, in discounting rate, a change in operating costs and purchasing of prices for agricultural products. It is shown that the pure present project value is the most dependent on discount rate. It is due to the exponential dependence of the future value of money from this parameter. The risk level of program implementation calculated by scenario analysis is 13.5%. This demonstrates investment feasibility in its implementation. The need for normative and methodological improvement of the current tools risk evaluations is demonstrated. It is based on the automated assessment of LRIP risks by the method of Monte Carlo.

To prolong the service life of hydraulic structures of irrigation systems and dams there were developed and patented method and device of creating impervious coating of irrigation channels, impervious geotextile coating of low-pressure earthen dams, a device for sealing butt joints of trays providing recovery of water conveyance constructions, operational reliability and durability of impervious coatings, elimination of filtration and leakage in water conveyance constructions. On channels, the result is achieved by using a two-layer coating made of geotextile with a concrete filler. To restore the operational reliability of the butt joints an impervious geotextile coating with a rubber seal is proposed to use. The reliability and durability of impervious geotextile coating for a low-pressure earthen dam are provided by a cellular structure consisting of a bed with a soil filler. Growing from the crest to the foot of the dam, the height of the bed cells eliminates the slipping of the filler which, in turn, prevents the geotextile bed from being damaged. Special attention should be paid to the activities that ensure the reliability and durability of the constructions without decommissioning them. The important task of protection and increase of exploitation safety of reclamation systems and constructions includes the application of modern technologies adaptable to various conditions of reclamation systems exploitation and structural peculiarities of reclamation technologies that provide long-term reliable protection while reducing economic and energy costs. The positive value of the net profit value (NPV) for the period of its use was adopted as a criterion for the effectiveness of the proposed technical operation.

The characteristic of the Crimean rivers for which the flood regime is characteristic is given. In 1974, the Balanovskoye reservoir was built on the Zuya river to meet the needs of the district's agriculture. The data on the calculation of the passage of floods through the hydroelectric Balanovsky reservoir, belonging to the II class of danger. Calibration of the maximum rate, according to the SP and 0.1% of the EAP. The assessment and 0.01% of the EAP of the flood pass by the existing structures of the hydroelectric facility was carried out. It is recommended to organize continuous observations of all parameters on the network of automatic stations, which will most fully characterize the entire situation in the basin and in its various sections, as well as provide information to a set of mathematical models for hydrodynamic modeling of surface runoff and channel runoff to intermediate branches, to assess the risks of dangerous hydrological phenomena in various parts of the basin with sufficient advance.