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Resumo: O texto que se dá à estampa consiste no estudo das ânforas romanas exumadas nas intervenções arqueológicas realizadas no teatro romano de Lisboa nas campanhas de 2001, 2005 e 2006. Trata-se de um conjunto relativamente amplo e tipologicamente diversificado recolhido em contextos arqueológicos relacionados com a edificação e remodelação do edifício. Estes contentores testemunham, em Olisipo, a importação de produtos alimentares de vá-rios locais do império desde meados do século II a.C. até ao terceiro quartel do século I d.C., constituindo-se como importantes indicadores para o estudo da dinâmica comercial de Olisipo. Palavras chave: Teatro romano, Olisipo, ânforas, comércio, produtos alimentares.

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Objectives: During the Middle Ages, Portugal witnessed unprecedented socioeconomic and religious changes under transitioning religious political rule. The implications of changing ruling powers for urban food systems and individual diets in medieval Portugal is poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the dietary impact of the Islamic and Christian conquests. Materials and Methods: Radiocarbon dating, peptide mass fingerprinting (ZooMS) and stable isotope analysis (δ 13 C, δ 15 N) of animal (n = 59) and human skeletal remains (n = 205) from Muslim and Christian burials were used to characterize the diet of a large historical sample from Portugal. A Bayesian stable isotope mixing model (BSIMM) was used to estimate the contribution of marine protein to human diet.Results: Early medieval (8-12th century), preconquest urban Muslim populations had mean (±1SD) values of À18.8 ± 0.4 ‰ for δ 13 C 10.4 ± 1 ‰ for δ 15 N, indicating a predominantly terrestrial diet, while late medieval (12-14th century) postconquest Muslim and Christian populations showed a greater reliance on marine resources with mean (±1SD) values of À17.9 ± 1.3‰ for δ 13 C and 11.1 ± 1.1‰ for δ 15 N. BSIMM