SummaryRheumatoid arthritis is a disabling autoimmune disease with a high global prevalence. Treatment with disease‐modifying anti‐arthritic drugs (DIMARDs) has been routinely used with beneficial effects but with adverse long‐term consequences; novel targeted biologics and small‐molecule inhibitors are promising options. In this study, we investigated whether purified omega unsaturated fatty acids (ω‐UFAs) and dialysable leukocyte extracts (DLEs) prevented the development of arthritis in a model of collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) in mice. We also investigated whether the transcription factor NF‐κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome were involved in the process and whether their activity was modulated by treatment. The development of arthritis was evaluated for 84 days following treatment with nothing, dexamethasone, DLEs, docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, and oleic acid. Progression of CIA was monitored by evaluating clinical manifestations, inflammatory changes, and histological alterations in the pads’ articular tissues. Both DLEs and ω‐UFAs led to an almost complete inhibition of the inflammatory histopathology of CIA and this was concomitant with the inhibition of NF‐kB and the inhibition of the activation of NLRP3. These data suggest that ω‐UFAs and DLEs might have NF‐κB as a common target and that they might be used as ancillary medicines in the treatment of arthritis.

Aim of the Study: The primary aim of the study was to test the effect of 2,4,5-trimethoxy-1-propenylbenzene (alpha asarone), a hypocholesterolaemic drug, on the progression of collageninduced arthritis (CIA) in mice. Olive oil, the vehicle of alpha-asarone, and dexamethasone were used as control treatments. Set-Up: Four groups of DBA/1 mice were immunised with chicken type II collagen (CII) via the intradermal route and either left untreated or were treated with alpha asarone, olive oil, or dexamethasone. A non-immunised group was an additional control. Follow-Up: The thicknesses of the rear and front footpads were continuously monitored, and the levels of anti-collagen antibodies were measured at the end of the experiment. The animals were then sacrificed, and their rear and front limbs were removed and processed for histological examination. Results: Alpha asarone had no anti-inflammatory effect on CIA, and in one-third of the animals, it showed a pro-inflammatory effect that was characterised by a marked accumulation of neutrophils. Olive oil did not show any obvious anti-inflammatory effect on CIA, but it lowered the level of CII anti-bodies by 50%, suggesting a potential long-term anti-inflammatory effect. As expected, dexamethasone had a clear anti-inflammatory effect on CIA. Conclusion: Alpha asarone did not show any antiinflammatory effect on CIA in the mice under the above conditions; however, the accumulation of neutrophils in the CIA lesions of mice treated with alpha asarone and the effect of olive oil in downregulating the levels of anti-CII antibodies in CIA are two findings that warrant further investigation.

Tratamiento regenerativo con células madre mesenquimales provenientes de la gelatina de Wharton de cordón umbilical en la úlcera crónica por dermolipectomíaRegenerative treatment with umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells from Wharton's jelly in chronic ulcer caused by dermolipectomy

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